Increased expression of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 is associated with poor outcome in intracerebral hemorrhage

Rodríguez‐Yáñez, Manuel; Brea, David; Arias, Susana; Blanco, Miguel; Pumar, J.M.; Castillo, José; Sobrino, Tomás

doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2012.03.019

Cited by 56 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In fact, our recent findings have evidenced that TLR4 acts as a neuroprotection agent against neuroinflammatory processes, myelin dysfunctions, and even neurodegeneration (Alfonso-Loeches et al, 2010. Moreover, increased TLR2 and TLR4 expressions have been associated with deprived functional outcome and greater residual volume in the inflammatory response from patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (Rodriguez-Yanez et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Gender differences in alcohol-induced neurotoxicity and brain damage

Alfonso-Loeches¹,

Pascual²,

Guerri³

2013

Toxicology

142

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Gender differences in alcohol-induced neurotoxicity and brain damage

Alfonso-Loeches¹,

Pascual²,

Guerri³

2013

Toxicology

142

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“…Proposed mechanisms include damage to the blood-brain barrier, binding to chemoattractant proteins in cerebral vessels that promotes neuronal death and cell injury, 12 and contribution to cerebral edema. 13 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monocyte Count and 30-Day Case Fatality in Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Walsh

Sekar

Langefeld

et al. 2015

Stroke

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Background and Purpose Monocytes may contribute to secondary injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We tested the association of absolute monocyte count (AMC) with 30-day ICH case-fatality in a multi-ethnic cohort. Methods Ethnic/Racial Variations of Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ERICH) study is a prospective, multi-center, case-control study of ICH among white, black, and Hispanic patients. In 240 adults with non-traumatic ICH within 24 hours of symptom onset, we evaluated the influence of ICH score and complete blood count components on 30-day case-fatality using generalized linear models. Results Mean age was 62.8 years (SD 14years); 61.7% were male, 33.3% black, and 29.6% Hispanic. Median ICH volume was 9.9ml (IQR 4.4–26.7). After adjusting for patient age and initial hemoglobin, higher total white blood cell count (WBC) (p=0.0011), driven by higher absolute neutrophil count (ANC) (p= 0.002), was associated with larger ICH volume, whereas absolute monocyte count (AMC) was not (p=0.15). After adjusting for age, GCS, ICH volume, location, and presence or absence of intraventricular hemorrhage, baseline AMC was independently associated with higher 30-day case-fatality (OR 5.39, 95%CI 1.87–15.49, p=0.0018) whereas ANC (OR 1.04, 0.46-2.32, p=0.93) and WBC (OR 1.62, 0.58–4.54, p=0.36) were not. Conclusions These data support an independent association between higher admission AMC and 30-day case-fatality in ICH. Inquiry into monocyte-mediated pathways of inflammation and apoptosis may elucidate the basis for the observed association and may be targets for ICH neuroprotection.

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“…Treatment with the TLR4 inhibitor ethyl (6R)-6-[N-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl) sulfamoyl]-cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate (TAK-242) or genetic deletion of TLR4 in mice decreases inflammation-mediated brain damage and improves neurologic function after ICH [71, 77–80]. Recent clinical studies also have shown that increased expression of TLR4 is associated with poorer functional outcome and greater residual volume in ICH patients [81]. Compared with wild-type (WT) mice, TLR4 knockout ( −/− ) mice exhibited less water content and fewer neurologic deficits [71].…”

Section: Microgliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Microglial Polarization and Inflammatory Mediators After Intracerebral Hemorrhage

et al. 2016

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Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a subtype of stroke with high mortality and morbidity. When a diseased artery within the brain bursts, expansion and absorption of the resulting hematoma trigger a series of reactions that cause primary and secondary brain injury. Microglia are extremely important for removing the hematoma and clearing debris, but they are also a source of ongoing inflammation. This article discusses the role of microglial activation/polarization and related inflammatory mediators, such as Toll-like receptor 4, matrix metalloproteinases, high-mobility group protein box-1, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase, and iron, in secondary injury after ICH and highlights the potential targets for ICH treatment.

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Increased expression of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 is associated with poor outcome in intracerebral hemorrhage

Cited by 56 publications

References 17 publications

Gender differences in alcohol-induced neurotoxicity and brain damage

Gender differences in alcohol-induced neurotoxicity and brain damage

Monocyte Count and 30-Day Case Fatality in Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Microglial Polarization and Inflammatory Mediators After Intracerebral Hemorrhage

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