Increased expression of CD38 and HLADR in HIV‐infected patients with oral lesion

Abstract

Persistent immune actiation is associated with innadequate immune recovery in HIV-patients. This study assessed the relationship between frequency of expression of cell activation markers (CD38 and HLADR) and presence of oral lesions in HIV-1 infected patients. Fifty-seven HIV-infected persons, undergoing antiretroviral treatment, were divided into three groups, according to the number of CD4 T cells and CD4 /CD8 ratio: adequate, partial, and inadequate immune restauration. All patients underwent full mouth assessments for saliva flow measurement, oral mucosal lesion, periodontal disease, and severity of periodontitis. Immune activation markers levels were compared according to three groups of periodontal disease ("No periodontal disease," "gingivitis," and "periodontitis"). Oral mucosal lesions (P = 0.03) and peridodontal disease (P = 0.03) were associated with lower CD4 /CD8 ratio. Patients with oral mucosal lesions had significantly higher median levels of HLADR and CD38 markers in all T-lymphocytes populations than patients without oral lesions. Patients with gingivitis and with periodontitis presented significantly higher median levels of CD3 HLADR , CD4 HLADR , CD8 HLADR , and CD3 CD38 and significantly lower CD4 /CD8 ratio than patients with no periodontal disease. Increased levels of HLADR and CD38 expressions in peripheral blood were associated with oral lesions in HIV-positive patients. Periodontal disease was associated with HLADR expression.

Establishing immune scoring model based on combination of the number, function, and phenotype of lymphocytes

“…We chose several classical phenotype markers of lymphocytes including CD28 (naive marker), CD45RA (naive marker), HLA-DR (activated marker) and CD45RO (memory marker) to reflect host immunity. These phenotype markers are correlated with lymphocyte function and are known to play an important role in many diseases such as infection, tumor, and autoimmune disease [24][25][26][27]. As expected, our data demonstrated that the expression of CD28 on T cells gradually decreased with increasing age and was negatively correlated with their function.…”

ImmunoPET imaging of CD38 in murine lymphoma models using 89Zr-labeled daratumumab

“…Besides MM and some B-cell lymphomas, increased CD38 expression can also be found in some other diseases related with T-cell expression of CD38, including rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissues [28], systemic lupus erythematosus [29], HIV infection [30] [31], and liver transplantation rejection [32]. Due to its ability to image CD38 in vivo , 89 Zr-Df-daratumumab may be preclinically applied for evaluating CD38 expression which correlated with disease diagnosis assistance and progression.…”

Oral health and health-related quality of life in HIV patients

“…Another study reported a decrease in the incidence of dental caries following antiretroviral therapy [ 14 ]. A study among HIV-positive patients reported higher levels of immune activation markers HLA-DR and CD38 expressions in the peripheral blood when oral lesions were present [ 15 ], suggesting that oral health may significantly impact the immune response of HIV patients, including those under suppressive ART. However, HLA-DR and CD38 levels did not vary substantially according to the DMFT index.…”