Increased energy expenditure in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease

Leitch, C. A.; Karn, Cheryl A.; Peppard, Rory J.; Granger, Don; Liechty, Edward A.; Ensing, Gregory J.; Denne, Scott C.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(98)70146-5

Cited by 71 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Also the lack of controls and standardization in the timing and methods of energy measurements make comparability between studies problematic (Gebara et al, 1992;Barton et al, 1994;Mitchell et al, 1994;Ackerman et al, 1998;Leitch et al, 1998Leitch et al, , 2000Farrell et al, 2001;Avitzur et al, 2003;van der Kuip et al, 2003). This is the first study to relate changes in energy expenditure and growth in children with CHD to the timing of corrective cardiac surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in resting energy expenditure in children with congenital heart disease

et al. 2007

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to relate changes in energy expenditure and growth in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD), to the timing of corrective cardiac surgery. Methods: Prospective cohort study of infants less than 1 year with CHD admitted for cardiac surgery to Royal Children's Hospital, between January to September 2005. Infants were assessed using anthropometry and indirect calorimetry and compared to healthy age-matched controls. Results: Infants (38) underwent corrective (n ¼ 25) or palliative (n ¼ 13) cardiac surgery either at p10 days or at 410 days. Infants undergoing corrective surgery after 10 days had deficits in z-scores for weight compared with infants undergoing early surgery (À1.15 ± 1.02 vs À0.24 ± 0.98; CI 95%: À1.736 to À0.085; Po0.05) and height (À1.47 ± 1.16 vs À0.12 ± 0.66; CI 95%: À2.262 to À0.428; Po0.01). However, 6 months following surgery, weight and height were similar in both groups. Resting energy expenditure was increased before surgery compared to healthy controls (247 ± 36 vs 210 ± 22 kJ kg À1 day À1 ; 95% CI: À57.29 to À16.71; Po0.001) however, normalized 1 week following cardiac surgery. Standard equations did not accurately predict measured REE. Conclusion: Increased REE observed in infants with CHD normalizes within 1 week following corrective cardiac surgery. Deficits in weight and growth were greater in infants undergoing corrective cardiac surgery410 days of age compared with infants undergoing surgery in the first 10 days of life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in resting energy expenditure in children with congenital heart disease

et al. 2007

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“…Two studies 47 used control values from the literature and reported no increase in TEE in children aged 4-36 months. Another study 48 using control groups of subjects reported a significant increase in TEE and TEE kg 21 20 . The group also had low FFM, REE and TEE compared to the control group.…”

Section: Chronic Diseases In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 93%

Insights into energy requirements in disease

Elia

2005

Public Health Nutr.

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Accurate information about the energy needs of a range of acute and chronic diseases and morbidity is lacking and often complicated by the medication prescribed to treat the condition and also because of the presence of pre-existing malnutrition. Assessing the energy requirements of patients with acute and chronic diseases is more complex than for those in good health. These requirements not only depend on the aggressiveness of the disease and level of inactivity it causes, but also on the treatment, and the presence of prior malnutrition. It used to be generally believed that the energy requirements were increased in a number of diseases. It is now realised that this is not usually the case. Therefore, it is necessary to put these changing ideas into context by considering a wide range of acute and chronic diseases which this paper proposes to do. This paper is almost exclusively restricted to studies that have measured total energy expenditure (TEE) using tracer techniques in both hospital and the community (mostly doubly labelled water and to a lesser extent bicarbonateurea), and continuous 24-hour indirect calorimetry in artificially ventilated patients in hospital.

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“…14 En la mayoría de los estudios se evalúa de manera independiente cada uno de los factores que potencialmente repercuten en el crecimiento; con la información disponible no se puede determinar cuanto participa cada factor para que exista desnutrición en este grupo de niños. 15 Se ha descrito que en ausencia de otra malformación congénita o de retraso en el crecimiento intrauterino, los niños con cardiopatía congénita en el momento del nacimiento habitualmente tienen peso y talla normales para su edad gestacional y sexo. 16,17 En las primeras semanas de vida extrauterina la ganancia ponderal no es la esperada, por lo que para el cuarto mes ya existe déficit de peso para la edad.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…24,25 A pesar de estas descripciones, algunos autores opinan que el estado de nutrición no tiene relación con el tipo de cardiopatía congénita. 15,26 Además del tipo de cardiopatía congénita, se han asociado otros factores a la desnutrición: la disminución en la ingesta, hipoxia tisular, insuficiencia cardiaca, infecciones respiratorias de repetición, hipertensión arterial pulmonar, pérdida intestinal de proteínas, malabsorción intestinal y el hipermetabolismo; estos fenómenos son frecuentes entre los niños desnutridos con este tipo de malformaciones. 14,27,28 Se postula que los factores sociodemográficos contribuyen para que exista desnutrición, 19 sin embargo, esto ha sido poco explorado.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified