Increased daytime sleepiness enhances ethanol??s sedative effects

Zwyghuizen‐Doorenbos, Ardith; Roehrs, T; Lamphere, James; Zorick, Frank; Roth, Thomas

doi:10.1097/00004714-199002000-00023

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It should be noted that the mean daily sleep latency on the MSLT observed in this study was not unusual; the latencies were quite similar to those reported in previous studies from this laboratory, both at baseline and after comparable sleep deprivation. 9,10 The difference in diphenhydramine effects on MSLT and actigraphy therefore is not due to an unusual MSLT result. The diphenhydramine effect on actigraphy will require replication.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The battery included, a 15 minute divided attention test and a 30 minute auditory vigilance test. 9,10 For the divided attention test, subjects tracked a moving target across a video screen using a joy stick and simultaneously pressed a button adjacent to the joystick in response to the appearance of a white circle on the periphery of the screen or at the center of the moving target. For the auditory vigilance task, subjects detected long tones occurring randomly within a background of short tones by pressing a button on the response pad.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Sleep Loss on Waking Actigraphy

Roehrs

Turner

Roth

2000

Sleep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The validity of actigraphy to make this distinction relative to polysomnography depends on several factors, including the population being studied and the time-of-day. In healthy, normal young, and middle-age adults sleeping at night, the agreement between actigrahpic and polysomnographic assessment of sleep time is generally 90% and better. 1 In contrast, in the elderly and patients with sleep disorders, the percent agreement generally is less, sometimes 80% or lower. 1 The discrepancy is in both directions with over-and under-estimations of sleep time. Some elderly and patients often lie motionless while awake producing over-estimation of sleep time, while other patients may have many body movements or leg movements during sleep producing under-estimations of sleep time.As to time-of-day, detecting sleep episodes with actigraphy in the context of normal waking activity has not been successful. In healthy young adults actigraphy differentiated sleep and wake at night, but it did not do so during daytime napping. 2 The agreement between actigraphic and polysomnographic identification of sleep was 40%. Periods of inactivity while reading or watching TV could not be differentiated from daytime nap episodes.While actigraphy may not detect daytime sleep episodes, it may differentiate increasing levels of daytime sleepiness as reflected in reduced overall activity or increased brief periods of inactivity. Reducing sleep time in healthy normals increases the level of daytime sleepiness in a linear manner as measured by the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT). 3,4 Increased daytime sleepiness then may be associated with reduced activity. We know of no previous attempts to document with actigraphy differing levels of daytime sleepiness due to reduced bedtime the previous night. Since previous studies have shown increased sleepiness and reduced performance following sedating drugs, the antihistamine diphenhydramine was used as a positive control in this study. 5,6 Thus, this study compared the effect of sleep loss, due to reduced sleep times, with the effect of diphenhydramine 50 mg on the MSLT and waking actigraphy. It was hypothesized that sleep loss the previous night would reduce activity levels during the following day. Each day the volunteers wore actigraphs from 0700-1800 hrs. Decreasing TIB was associated with decreased daily mean sleep latency on the MSLT with 4 and 0 hrs differing from 8 hrs and each other. Daytime activity also was reduced by the reduced prior TIB. Increased inactivity relative to the 8 hr TIB developed between the 4 hr and 0 hr TIBs, with 4 hrs differing from 0 hrs, but not 8 hrs. Accepted for publication June 2000Diphenhydramine 50 mg reduced mean daily sleep latency and increased percent inactive time relative to placebo. On the MSLT diphenhydramine was intermediate to 4 hr and 0 hr TIB and on actigraphy it was similar to 0 hr TIB. Conclusions:The difference in the effect of diphenhydramine on these actigraphy and MSLT may reflect the different sensitivities of the measures.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Sleep Loss on Waking Actigraphy

Roehrs

Turner

Roth

2000

Sleep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One explanation for these findings may be because of the presence of daytime sleepiness in some of these subjects with moderate-severe insomnia. Daytime sleepiness is one of the ramifications of insomnia, heavy drinking, and alcohol dependence (AASM, 2006; Ohayon, 2012; Penning, McKinney, & Verster, 2012; Zwyghuizen-Doorenbos, Roehrs, Lamphere, Zorick, & Roth, 1988). It is possible that the level of sleepiness is exaggerated in subjects with a short/inadequate sleep duration in the context of heavy alcohol consumption (Chaput, McNeil, Despres, Bouchard, & Tremblay, 2012; John, Meyer, Rumpf, & Hapke, 2005; Schuckit & Bernstein, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insomnia in alcohol dependent subjects is associated with greater psychosocial problem severity

Chaudhary

Kampman

Kranzler

et al. 2015

Addictive Behaviors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Although psychosocial problems are commonly associated with both alcohol misuse and insomnia, very little is known about the combined effects of insomnia and current alcohol dependence on the severity of psychosocial problems. The present study evaluates whether the co-occurrence of insomnia and alcohol dependence is associated with greater psychosocial problem severity. Methods Alcohol dependent individuals (N=123) were evaluated prior to participation in a placebo-controlled medication trial. The Short Index of Problems (SIP), Addiction Severity Index (ASI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Time Line Follow Back (TLFB), were used to assess psychosocial, employment, and legal problems; insomnia symptoms; and alcohol consumption, respectively. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the relations between insomnia and psychosocial problems. Results Subjects’ mean age was 44 years (SD=10.3), 83% were male, and their SIP sub-scale scores approximated the median for normative data. A quarter of subjects reported no insomnia; 29% reported mild insomnia; and 45% reported moderate-severe insomnia. The insomnia groups did not differ on alcohol consumption measures. The ISI total score was associated with the SIP total scale score (β=0.23, p=0.008). Subjects with moderate-severe insomnia had significantly higher scores on the SIP total score, and on the social and impulse control sub-scales, and more ASI employment problems and conflicts with their spouses than others on the ASI. Conclusion In treatment-seeking alcohol dependent subjects, insomnia may increase alcohol-related adverse psychosocial consequences. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the relations between insomnia and psychosocial problems in these subjects.

show abstract

“…At low to moderate doses, alcohol can have a stimulating effect that might lead to problems falling asleep, usually during the first hour after its use (Stein and Friedman, 2005; Van Reen et al, 2011). At high doses, alcohol has a sedating effect (Petrucelli et al, 1994; Roehrs et al, 1989; Zwyghuizen-Doorenbos et al, 1988; Maclean and Cairns, 1982; Roehrs and Roth, 2001). Yet, the sedative effect of alcohol wears off quickly and is followed by sleep disruptions, especially during the second half of the night (Stein and Friedman, 2005; Vitiello, 2006; Van Reen et al, 2011; Roehrs and Roth, 2001; Landolt et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binge drinking and sleep problems among young adults

Popovici

French²

2013

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective As most of the literature exploring the relationships between alcohol use and sleep problems is descriptive and with small sample sizes, the present study seeks to provide new information on the topic by employing a large, nationally representative dataset with several waves of data and a broad set of measures for binge drinking and sleep problems. Methods We use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), a nationally representative survey of adolescents and young adults. The analysis sample consists of all Wave 4 observations without missing values for the sleep problems variables (N=14,089, 53% females). We estimate gender-specific multivariate probit models with a rich set of socioeconomic, demographic, physical, and mental health variables to control for confounding factors. Results Our results confirm that alcohol use, and specifically binge drinking, is positively and significantly associated with various types of sleep problems. The detrimental effects on sleep increase in magnitude with frequency of binge drinking, suggesting a dose-response relationship. Moreover, binge drinking is associated with sleep problems independent of psychiatric conditions. Conclusions The statistically strong association between sleep problems and binge drinking found in this study is a first step in understanding these relationships. Future research is needed to determine the causal links between alcohol misuse and sleep problems to inform appropriate clinical and policy responses.

show abstract

Increased daytime sleepiness enhances ethanol??s sedative effects

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Sleep Loss on Waking Actigraphy

Effects of Sleep Loss on Waking Actigraphy

Insomnia in alcohol dependent subjects is associated with greater psychosocial problem severity

Binge drinking and sleep problems among young adults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About