Increased cortisol release and transport stress do not influence semen quality and testosterone release in pony stallions

Deichsel, Katharina; Pasing, Stephanie; Erber, R.; Ille, Natascha; Palme, Rupert; Aurich, Jörg; Aurich, Christine

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.02.015

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Blood collections apparently did not promote any stress condition, according to cortisol levels observed in this study (Thrall, Weiser, Allison, & Campbell, ). This observation becomes relevant since the interaction between cortisol and testosterone was previously confirmed in some species like swine (Liptrap & Raeside, ) and ovine (Mohamed, Cox, & Moonan, ); however, in stallions, the relation between cortisol and testosterone is still a matter of discussion, with inconsistent results (Aurich et al., ; Cox & Jawad, ; Deichsel et al., ; Liptrap & Raeside, ; Rabb et al., ; Seale, ; Villani et al., ; Wiest, Thompson, McNeill‐Wiest, Garza, & Mitchell, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Testosterone serum profile, semen characteristics and testicular biometry of Mangalarga Marchador stallions in a tropical environment

Waddington

Penitente-Filho

Neves

et al. 2017

Reprod Domestic Animals

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This study was conducted to characterize the daily profile of testosterone secretion and its mean concentrations in the four seasons as well as to evaluate the semen characteristics and testicular biometry of Mangalarga Marchador stallions throughout the year in a tropical region. Three stallions were submitted to semen collections and evaluation of testicular biometry every 14 days along a year. Blood samples were collected once at the middle of each season, in a 20-min interval during 24 hr in order to evaluate the testosterone secretion profiles among seasons. Testosterone concentrations along the day were higher at the beginning of the afternoon (from 12:00 to 15:00 hr), but a circadian secretion was not clearly observed. Mean testosterone concentrations did not differ among seasons (p > .05), but a pattern of secretion along the day showed variations with higher concentrations in the afternoon during the winter. Ejaculate volume was higher during summer; however, sperm motility decreased in summer and spring. Total sperm in ejaculate, sperm morphology and testicular biometry kept constant along the year showing no differences among the seasons. The results demonstrated that in a tropical region, reproductive aspects of stallions did not show a clearly defined seasonal variation, and months of autumn and winter were not unsuitable for reproduction of the males.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Testosterone serum profile, semen characteristics and testicular biometry of Mangalarga Marchador stallions in a tropical environment

Waddington

Penitente-Filho

Neves

et al. 2017

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…The ejaculates included into this study were in the physiological range for healthy Shetland pony stallions with regard to semen volume, concentration, total sperm count, and semen motility [17]. It is well-known that classical laboratory parameters in cryopreserved semen and the quality of frozen-thawed semen are very much influenced by the individual semen donor [3,4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sperm concentration was measured by Nucleocounter SP-100 (Chemometec, Allerod, Denmark) as described [16], and total sperm count was calculated from volume and sperm concentration. The percentage of motile, progressively motile, and membrane-intact spermatozoa was evaluated by computer-assisted sperm analysis (Spermvision, Minitube) as described [17][18][19][20][21]. For this purpose, the final concentration was adjusted to 50 Â 10 6 sperm/mL either with EquiPlus extender in the case of raw semen or with the centrifugation extender in cryopreserved semen.…”

Section: Semen Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spermatozoa with average orientation change less than 8 mm were considered immotile. Spermatozoa with curvilinear velocity greater than or equal to 10 mm/s, distance straight line greater than or equal to 6 mm, and radius greater than or equal to 15 mm were considered progressively motile [17,20]. For assessment of sperm membrane integrity, 100 mL of semen were mixed with 2 mL of SYBR-14/PI and incubated for 10 minutes at room temperature in darkness.…”

Section: Semen Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytosine methylation of sperm DNA in horse semen after cryopreservation

et al. 2016

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Semen processing may contribute to epigenetic changes in spermatozoa. We have therefore addressed changes in sperm DNA cytosine methylation induced by cryopreservation of stallion semen. The relative amount of 5-methylcytosine relative to the genomic cytosine content of sperm DNA was analyzed by ELISA. In experiment 1, raw semen (n = 6 stallions, one ejaculate each) was shock-frozen. Postthaw semen motility and membrane integrity were completely absent, whereas DNA methylation was similar in raw (0.4 ± 0.2%) and shock-frozen (0.3 ± 0.1%) semen (not significant). In experiment 2, three ejaculates per stallion (n = 6) were included. Semen quality and DNA methylation was assessed before addition of the freezing extender and after freezing-thawing with either Ghent (G) or BotuCrio (BC) extender. Semen motility, morphology, and membrane integrity were significantly reduced by cryopreservation but not influenced by the extender (e.g., total motility: G 69.5 ± 2.0, BC 68.4 ± 2.2%; P < 0.001 vs. centrifugation). Cryopreservation significantly (P < 0.01) increased the level of DNA methylation (before freezing 0.6 ± 0.1%, postthaw G 6.4 ± 3.7, BC 4.4 ± 1.5%; P < 0.01), but no differences between the freezing extenders were seen. The level of DNA methylation was not correlated to semen motility, morphology, or membrane integrity. The results demonstrate that semen processing for cryopreservation increases the DNA methylation level in stallion semen. We conclude that assessment of sperm DNA methylation allows for evaluation of an additional parameter characterizing semen quality. The lower fertility rates of mares after insemination with frozen-thawed semen may at least in part be explained by cytosine methylation of sperm-DNA induced by the cryopreservation procedure.

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“…It has been shown that transport [54,[56][57][58][59][60], loading of horses in a trailer [61] and social stress [12] increase the synthesis of CORT. The transport of horses at short and medium distances leads to a greater release of CORT [18].…”

Section: Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Characteristics of Cortisol in Horses

Ambrojo¹,

Corzano²,

Poggi³

2018

Corticosteroids

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Cortisol (CORT), also known as stress hormone, plays a vital role in physiological processes such as electrolyte and fluid balance, cardiovascular homeostasis, carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism, immune and inflammatory responses, and sexual development and reproduction. Cortisol levels are influenced by various physiological factors such as race, age, circadian rhythm, seasonality, exercise and pregnancy. Also, some stressful conditions including isolation or transport, among others, modify levels of this hormone in the body. Excesses or deficiencies of cortisol cause important clinical problems such as Cushing's and Addison's syndromes, which contribute substantially to morbidity in equine medicine. Thus, in this review, we will develop the mechanisms of synthesis and regulation, as well as the physiological factors involved and the most important diseases related to the alteration of cortisol secretion in horses and foals.

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Increased cortisol release and transport stress do not influence semen quality and testosterone release in pony stallions

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

Testosterone serum profile, semen characteristics and testicular biometry of Mangalarga Marchador stallions in a tropical environment

Testosterone serum profile, semen characteristics and testicular biometry of Mangalarga Marchador stallions in a tropical environment

Cytosine methylation of sperm DNA in horse semen after cryopreservation

Action Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Characteristics of Cortisol in Horses

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