Increased Cadmium Excretion in Metal-Adapted Populations of the Midge Chironomus Riparius (Diptera)

Postma, J.F.; Nugteren, Paul van; Jong, Marion B. Buckert-de

doi:10.1897/1551-5028(1996)015<0332:iceima>2.3.co;2

Cited by 46 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In other studies, a decrease in metal accumulation contributes to a lower overall exposure. This has been observed in least killifish exposed to cadmium (Xie and Klerks 2004a), chironomids adapted to cadmium (Postma et al 1996), and mummichog embryos from mercury-exposed adults (Weis et al 1981). A single gene appears to be responsible for the intrinsic difference in cadmium resistance between BS90 and NMRI strains of B. glabrata exposed to toxic levels of cadmium (Salice and Roesijadi, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Adaptive responses and latent costs of multigeneration cadmium exposure in parasite resistant and susceptible strains of a freshwater snail

Salice

Anderson

Roesijadi³

2010

Ecotoxicology

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Population response to anthropogenic activities will be influenced by prior adaptation to environmental conditions. We tested how parasite-resistant and -susceptible strains of the freshwater snail, Biomphalaria glabrata, responded to cadmium and elevated temperature challenges after having been exposed to low-level cadmium continuously for multiple generations. Snails exposed to cadmium for three generations were removed for the fourth generation, and challenged in the fifth generation with (1) chronic cadmium exposure over the entire life cycle; (2) lethal cadmium exposure of adults; and (3) elevated temperature challenge of adults. The parasite susceptible NMRI strain is more cadmium tolerant than the parasite resistant BS90 strain and remained more tolerant than BS90 throughout this study. Additionally, NMRI exhibited greater adaptive capacity for cadmium than BS90 and became more tolerant of both chronic and lethal cadmium challenges, while BS90 became more tolerant of lethal cadmium challenge only. Fitness costs, reflected in population growth rate, were not apparent in fifth generation snails maintained in control conditions. However, costs were latent and expressed as decreased tolerance to a secondarily imposed temperature stress. Adaptation to prior selection pressures can influence subsequent adaptation to anthropogenic stresses and may have associated costs that reduce fitness in novel environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Adaptive responses and latent costs of multigeneration cadmium exposure in parasite resistant and susceptible strains of a freshwater snail

Salice

Anderson

Roesijadi³

2010

Ecotoxicology

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“…However, the mechanisms for these adaptations are not clear. It was suggested that they excrete the metals (Postma et al, 1996;Groenendijk et al, 1999) or bind them with metal-binding proteins (Yamamura et al, 1983). Here we demonstrate that endogenous bacteria have a role in protecting the insect from pollutants.…”

Section: The Role Of Endogenous Bacteria In Chironomids Y Senderovichmentioning

confidence: 99%

The protective role of endogenous bacterial communities in chironomid egg masses and larvae

Senderovich

Halpern

2013

The ISME Journal

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Insects of the family Chironomidae, also known as chironomids, are distributed worldwide in a variety of water habitats. These insects display a wide range of tolerance toward metals and organic pollutions. Bacterial species known for their ability to degrade toxicants were identified from chironomid egg masses, leading to the hypothesis that bacteria may contribute to the survival of chironomids in polluted environments. To gain a better understanding of the bacterial communities that inhabit chironomids, the endogenous bacteria of egg masses and larvae were studied by 454-pyrosequencing. The microbial community of the egg masses was distinct from that of the larval stage, most likely due to the presence of one dominant bacterial Firmicutes taxon, which consisted of 28% of the total sequence reads from the larvae. This taxon may be an insect symbiont. The bacterial communities of both the egg masses and the larvae were found to include operational taxonomic units, which were closely related to species known as toxicant degraders. Furthermore, various bacterial species with the ability to detoxify metals were isolated from egg masses and larvae. Koch-like postulates were applied to demonstrate that chironomid endogenous bacterial species protect the insect from toxic heavy metals. We conclude that chironomids, which are considered pollution tolerant, are inhabited by stable endogenous bacterial communities that have a role in protecting their hosts from toxicants. This phenomenon, in which bacteria enable the continued existence of their host in hostile environments, may not be restricted only to chironomids.

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“…Boisson et al 1998), reduced efficiency of assimilation from the diet, a higher rate constant of metal loss (e.g. Postma et al 1996), an enhanced rate of detoxification (Levinton et al 2003), or any combination of these. Selective pressure to reduce the potential of toxic action would result in genetically based changes in such physiological traits, corresponding to the selection of a metaltolerant population (Luoma 1977, Klerks & Weis 1987, Levinton et al 2003, Luoma & Rainbow 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in trace metal bioaccumulation kinetics among populations of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor from metal-contaminated estuaries

Rainbow¹,

Smith²,

Luoma³

2009

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Aquatic organisms exposed to atypically high local bioavailabilities of a toxic metal may come under selection for changes in one or more physiological processes, including the rate of metal uptake from an available source of the metal, the rate of efflux and the rate of detoxification of accumulated metal into a relatively metabolically inert form. We investigated parameters of the bioaccumulation kinetics of the toxic metals Ag, Cd and Zn in populations of the estuarine polychaete worm Nereis diversicolor from differentially metal-contaminated sediments of 5 metal-rich estuaries in SW England and a relatively non-contaminated control estuary in SE England. One population (from Restronguet Creek, Cornwall) is known to be tolerant to raised availabilities of Zn and Cu. We compared uptake rate constants from solution (K u ) and assimilation efficiencies (AE) from sediment, and subsequent efflux rate constants (K e ) after uptake (from either water or ingested sediment) for each of the 3 metals among all populations. There was some limited interpopulation variation in the biodynamic parameters controlling bioaccumulation (and potential ecotoxicity) of trace metals between populations. There did not, however, appear to be consistent patterns to such variation. The basis of Zn tolerance in the Restronguet Creek population is not due to a reduction of Zn uptake from either solution or ingested sediment, or increased efflux of Zn accumulated after uptake from either route. The most likely mechanism is, therefore, an increased capacity for storage detoxification of Zn accumulated after regulation of Zn body concentration has broken down. KEY WORDS: Trace metals · Bioaccumulation · Biodynamics · Tolerance · Uptake assimilation · EffluxResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Increased Cadmium Excretion in Metal-Adapted Populations of the Midge Chironomus Riparius (Diptera)

Cited by 46 publications

References 37 publications

Adaptive responses and latent costs of multigeneration cadmium exposure in parasite resistant and susceptible strains of a freshwater snail

Adaptive responses and latent costs of multigeneration cadmium exposure in parasite resistant and susceptible strains of a freshwater snail

The protective role of endogenous bacterial communities in chironomid egg masses and larvae

Differences in trace metal bioaccumulation kinetics among populations of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor from metal-contaminated estuaries

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