Increased bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESStudies of bone mineral density (BMD) in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus have shown conflicting results. We conducted this study to determine whether postmenopausal women with diabetes have higher BMD than non-diabetic women of similar age, and to investigate the relationship between BMD and relevant clinical characteristics in these groups of women.PATIENTS AND METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed lumbar spine, femoral neck, and radius BMD data and other relevant clinical data for 130 postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 166 non-diabetic women collected during a voluntary screening for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women without a history of low bone mass or osteoporotic fractures.RESULTSWomen with type 2 diabetes mellitus had significantly higher mean lumbar spine BMD ( 0.903±0.165 vs. 0.824±0.199, respectively, P<.001) and mean femoral neck BMD (0.870±0.132 vs. 0.832±0.134, respectively, P<.05) than non-diabetic women. In both groups of women, age correlated negatively with BMD levels at all three anatomical sites. Higher body mass index was associated only with higher lumbar spine BMD in both groups. Alkaline phosphatase levels showed a negative correlation with BMD at all sites in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.CONCLUSIONPostmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus have higher BMD levels than non-diabetic women with similar clinical characteristics, and require a more scrutinized approach in managing low bone mass.

Bone Health and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

“…Eleven of the included studies used DXA to determine aBMD (T2DM n ¼ 4813, control n ¼ 12693) [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] at either the total hip or the femoral neck site. Of these DXA studies, seven controlled for age 23,27,[29][30][31][32][33] and four for BMI.…”

“…23,29,30,32 Women with T2DM had a significantly higher aBMD at the total hip in five studies, 25,29,[31][32][33] of which two controlled for age 31,33 and two controlled for both age and BMI; 23,29 two studies showed no significant difference, 23,27 both of which controlled for age and one of which also controlled for BMI. 23 Femoral neck aBMD was significantly higher for older women with T2DM in four studies, 24,26,29,32 two of which controlled for both age and BMI. 29,32 Femoral neck aBMD did not show a significant difference in three studies, 23,27,28 of which two controlled for age 27,28 and one controlled for both age and BMI.…”

Evaluation of bone mineral density in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients before and after treatment

“…In some studies, patients with T2DM showed no significant difference either in BMD or prevalence of osteoporosis from nondiabetic patients, 1,2 while others have demonstrated either higher BMD in patients with T2DM compared to nondiabetics. 3,4 Recently, there have been reports of adverse impact of antihyperglycaemic medications on BMD in T2DM patients 5,6 and increase risk of fractures with glitazones and protective effect from metformin. 6,7 However, there are limited data that address the impact of various drugs on BMD in diabetic patients.…”

Effects of Ovariectomy on Bone Metabolism and Bone Mineral Density in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii-Leprfa Rats

“…A similar phenomenon is also observed in humans. Postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes had higher lumbar spine BMDs than nondiabetic postmenopausal women [3]. Therefore, it is considered that the SDTfa/fa rat may be a good model for bone abnormalities in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes.…”

“…Bone mineral density (BMD) is a good predictor of bone strength because fracture risk increases with a decrease in BMD [1,14]. BMD is decreased in patients with type 1 diabetes [15] but is decreased [17], normal [15] or increased [3] in patients with type 2 diabetes. Unlike patients with type 1 diabetes, the relationship between BMD and fracture risk in patients with type 2 diabetes remains controversial.…”