Increased bone formation to unstable nano rough titanium implants

Abstract

Early bone response to cylindrical smooth titanium implants (S(a)=0.1 microm) inserted into the rabbit tibia was compared in a stable and nonstable regime. Surface roughness parameters were calculated from measurements obtained with optical interferometry and atomic force microscopy. Contrary to our hypothesis, the nonstable implant showed higher bone to metal contact and increased bone area in the endosteal region compared with the stable implant after 4 weeks of healing. Bone area measurements in the cortical region revealed similar values. Primitive woven bone was found in close contact with both implants, but significantly more with the nonstable implant. Finding more bone-to-implant contact (BIC) need not necessarily indicate that unstable implants were more strongly integrated. Primitive bone stage development observed indicates less strong implant anchorage than could be expected from BIC percentage alone. Stable implant design used in this study is a reliable model to evaluate submicron and nanostructures in vivo, as implant stability was achieved in the absence of microirregularaties.

Advancing dental implant surface technology – From micron- to nanotopography

“…However, initial clinical stability may require additional considerations of micron-scale topography and overall implant design. The pioneering investigations of Meirelles and co-workers [148,149] suggest that nanometer-scale topography alone is not sufficient to assure robust osseointegration. Investigations which have isolated nanometer-scale topography as an experimental variable in osseointegration have required additional consideration of endosseous implant stability.…”

“…Increased bone formation was measured for nanoscale rough implant surfaces in animal models [148]. In a series of studies the same group found early bone formation and increased torque removal when implant surfaces were added with nano-hydroxyapatite or titania [149].…”

Evaluating the osseointegration of nanostructured titanium implants in animal models: Current experimental methods and perspectives (Review)

“…24,54 One factor that can improve and accelerate the osseointegration of an implant is surface nanotopography. 55,56 …”

Effects of a micro/nano rough strontium-loaded surface on osseointegration

“…Such contradictory results between in vivo and in vitro experiments may be explained via the theory proposed by Meirellese et al 30 who considered that nanoscale topography alone is not sufficient to assure robust osseointegration; favorable osseointegration requires additional considerations of microscale topography and overall implant design for initial clinical stability.…”