Increased anxiety-related behaviour in Hint1 knockout mice

Effects of Hint1 deficiency on emotional‐like behaviors in mice under chronic immobilization stress

“…Some results did not reach statistical differences but had a trend of statistical differences, small samples may be one of the possible reason. Furthermore, in the OFT, there were no significant differences in the general locomotor activity of Hint1 ‐KO, ‐HT, and WT littermates, which were in line with the previous findings of Varadarajulua and colleagues, and Barbier and colleagues (Barbier et al., 2007; Varadarajulu et al., 2011). Interestingly, the mood behavior results found by Varadarajulua et al.…”

“…Previous explanations for these contradictory findings included different test settings, such as light intensities, the size of the compartments, the age and time of testing, etc. (Varadarajulu et al., 2011). Our findings of Hint1 ‐KO mice under basal conditions, with no stress, were in accordance with the findings of Wang.…”

“…Early studies have showed that PKC activity in brain lysates of Hint1 ‐KO mice was higher than in their WT littermates, and PKCγ protein isoform expression increased in Hint1 ‐KO mice (Varadarajulu et al., 2011). Moreover, elevated abundances of PKCγ were also detected in Hint1 haplo‐insufficiency tissue such as hippocampus, the cortex, etc.…”

Disruption of tumor suppressor gene Hint1 leads to remodeling of the lipid metabolic phenotype of mouse liver

“…Other investigations have established that the ␥ isotype of protein kinase C (PKC ␥ ) was elevated in the brains of Hint1 Ϫ / Ϫ relative to WT mice, with a concomitant 2-fold increase in PKC activity in Hint1 Ϫ / Ϫ brain lysates ( 38 ). In addition, cytosolic PLA2, the principal form of PLA2 responsible for AA release from membrane phospholipids The aforementioned fi ndings are consistent with a phenotype in the Hint1 Ϫ / Ϫ liver of increased proliferative signaling with reduced proapoptotic signaling.…”

PKC Gamma-Mediated Signaling and Schizophrenia

“…The histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein-1 (Hint1), a member of the histidine triad protein family, has been found significantly down-regulated in the prefrontal cortexes of patients with schizophrenia in RNA and protein levels in clinical studies [3][4][5] . And also Hint1 null mice have been showed to exhibit increased anxiety and enhanced sensitivity to aversive environment and psycho-stimulation [6][7][8] . In the study, Zhang et al found that Hint1 deficiency impaired the normal phosphorylations response of the signaling molecule PKCγ upon psycho-stimulation, particular at the sites required for the full activation of PKCγ, in the brain structures that involved in cognition and emotion-control.…”