Increased Alveolar Epithelial Permeability in Cigarette Smokers

Jones, J.G.; Lawler, P.G.; Crawley, J. C. W.; Minty, B. D.; Hulands, G.H.; Veall, N.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(80)90493-6

Cited by 387 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The longterm adverse effects of cigarette smoking are well established (10), and smoking has additional acute effects on the lungs, increasing the permeability of the alveolar-capillary barrier in animal models (11) and humans (12). The effects of these smoking-related pulmonary changes on the delivery and absorption of inhaled drugs are not yet fully understood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Smoking on Inhaled Insulin

et al. 2003

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OBJECTIVE -This study, one of the first to address issues of pulmonary insulin delivery in smokers, compared pharmacokinetics of inhaled insulin delivered via the AERx insulin Diabetes Management System (iDMS) in nondiabetic cigarette smokers and nonsmokers.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -In this randomized two-period crossover efficacy and safety trial in 27 nondiabetic smokers and 16 nonsmokers (18 men/25 women, mean age 28 years, mean BMI 23.0 kg/m 2 ), subjects received single doses of inhaled insulin (33.8 IU) following overnight fasting on consecutive dosing days. On one dosing day, smokers smoked three cigarettes immediately before insulin administration ("acute smoking"); on the other dosing day, smokers had not smoked since midnight ("nonacute smoking"). After inhalation, 6-h serum insulin and serum glucose profiles were determined.RESULTS -Pharmacokinetic results for evaluable subjects were derived from serum insulin profiles. The amount of insulin absorbed during the first 6 h after dosing (area under the exogenous serum insulin curve from 0 to 6 h [AUC (0 -6 h) ]) was significantly greater in smokers (63.2 vs. 40.0 mU ⅐ l Ϫ1 ⅐ h Ϫ1 , P ϭ 0.0017); peak concentration was both higher and earlier in the smokers (maximal serum concentration of insulin [C max ] 42.0 vs. 13.9 mU/l, P Ͻ 0.0001; time to maximal serum concentration of insulin [t max ] 31.5 vs. 53.9 min, P ϭ 0.0003). The estimated intrasubject variability of AUC (0 -6 h) was 13.7 and 16.5% for nonsmokers and smokers, respectively. No safety issues arose.CONCLUSIONS -Absorption of inhaled insulin via the AERx iDMS was significantly greater in smokers, with a higher AUC (0 -6 h) and C max and a shorter t max . Intrasubject variability of AUC (0 -6 h) was low and similar in nonsmokers and smokers. These data prompt more extensive investigation of inhaled insulin in diabetic smokers. Diabetes Care 26:677-682, 2003

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confidence: 99%

The Impact of Smoking on Inhaled Insulin

et al. 2003

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“…As smoking increases 99m Tc-DTPA clearance (Jones et al 1980, Nery et al 1988 only patients who had refrained from smoking for more than three weeks prior to clearance determinations were included in this study. Patients HIV seroreactive were ordered from DST-AIDS Service at General Hospital of Nova Iguaçu (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meignan et al (1990) have found a high incidence of such an alveolitis in HIV seroreactive patients without detectable lung infection or tumor. The functional integrity of the alveolus-capillary barrier may be altered in aseries of pathologic condition, such as chronic lung diseases and smoking cigarettes, leading to an increase on the alveolus-capillary permeability (Jones et al 1980, Nery et al 1988. Recently, great interest has been developed in the method of measuring respiratory epithelial permeability through the use of radioactive aerosols of low molecular weight solutes, particularly Technetium-99m-diethylene triamine penta-acetate ( Tc-DTPA complex when deposited on the pulmonary epithelial surface diffuses from the airspace to the vascular space, hence, it equilibrates rapidly with the total-body extracellular fluid space and once in blood stream, it is simultaneously filtered by the kidneys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alveolus-capillary permeability on both normal and HIV seroreactive individuals

Carriel¹,

Maliska²,

Piloto

et al. 2007

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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“…7 Cigarette smoking has been shown to result in increased airspace epithelial permeability. 8,9 It can also suppresses proliferation, attenuates attachment, and augments detachment of the epithelial cells by oxidant-induced injury. 10 These oxygen radicals are short-lived.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%