Increased airway responsiveness to inhaled methacholine in a rat model of chronic bronchitis.

Shore, Stephanie A.; Kobzik, Lester; Long, Nancy C.; Skornik, William A.; Staden, Carlo J. van; Boulet, L.-P.; Rodger, Ian W.; Pon, D. J.

doi:10.1164/ajrccm.151.6.7767542

Cited by 59 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The present study that included 40 healthy toll collectors showed an increased large airway wall thickness (tracheal wall thickness in this case) related to the working duration. Similar to the results of the present study, in animal models exposure to SO 2 (the most important air pollutant) caused hypertrophy of tracheal submucosal glands, and airway epithelial mucous cell hyperplasia and metaplasia 16,17) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Bronchial Wall Thickness in Toll Collectors

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is an increasing concern about the possible adverse effects of diesel exhaust particulates (DEP) on human health. Diesel exhaust is one of the major contributors to particulate air pollution in cities. DEP air pollution is a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets mainly included carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [1][2][3] . There are a considerable number of epidemiological studies demonstrating a significant relationship between road traffic pollution and an increase in asthma exacerbations and incidence of allergy in both adults and children [4][5][6][7][8] . Some associations between autovehicle traffic and lung function reduction, increased respiratory symptoms, increased mortality from respiratory diseases, reduced exercise tolerance were also reported previously 9) .Limited number of studies has focused on the radiographical changes related to the air pollution included diesel exhaust. Chest X-rays of children in Mexico City demonstrated bilateral hyperinflation (151/230) and increased linear markings (121/230). These findings were consistent with bronchiolar, peribronchiolar and/or alveolar duct inflammation, possibly caused by ozone, particulate matter (PM) and lipopolysaccharide exposure. Authors suggested that the epidemiological implications of these findings were important for children residing in polluted environments, because bronchiolar disease could lead to chronic pulmonary disease later in life 10) . Airway lumen and airway wall areas may be quantitatively assessed on CT images by using specific techniques that must be reproducible as well as accurate in order to compare the airways pre-and post-intervention (bronchoprovocation, bronchodilatation, therapeutic response) and to carry out longitudinal studies of airway remodeling 11) . Airway lumen and airway wall areas have been well investigated in asthmatic patients and in patients diagnosed as Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD). Few studies have focused on air pollution related changes Abstract: There is an increasing concern about the possible adverse effects of diesel exhaust particulates on human health. In a diesel exposed occupational group composed of 120 toll collectors, a cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate the chest radiographs and 40 toll collectors were selected for computed tomography examination according to

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Bronchial Wall Thickness in Toll Collectors

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The model of CB was developed by exposing the rats to a target concentration of 250 ppm of sulfur dioxide (5 hr/day, 5 days/week for 6 weeks), as previously described (5,6,8). Briefly, SO 2 of known concentration was obtained from a cylinder, diluted with air, and fed into the exposure chamber at a constant rate (7.6 ft 3 /min).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrated Ambient Air Particles Induce Vasoconstriction of Small Pulmonary Arteries in Rats

Batalha¹

2002

Environ. Health Perspect.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The acute symptoms of mucus hypersecretion, as in chronic bronchitis, can be modeled by exposure of rats to ozone or sodium metabisulfite (Murlas and Roum, 1985;Shore et al, 1995). Features of severe asthma (goblet cell hyperplasia, AHR, and eosinophilic airway infiltration) have been mimicked by chronic antigen exposure of atopic mice and guinea pigs (Blyth et al, 1998;Danahay and Broadley, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Goblet Cell Hyperplasia, Airway Function, and Leukocyte Infiltration after Chronic Lipopolysaccharide Exposure in Conscious Guinea Pigs: Effects of Rolipram and Dexamethasone

Toward¹,

Broadley²

2002

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of chronic exposures (nine, 48 h apart) of conscious guinea pigs to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (30 g ⅐ ml Ϫ1 , 1 h) on airway function, airway histology (in particular, goblet cell numbers), and inflammatory cell infiltration of the lungs were examined as a model of chronic inflammatory lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The sensitivity of these parameters to treatment with the corticosteroid, dexamethasone, or the phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor, rolipram, was determined. As the number of LPS exposures increased, there was a progressively persistent bronchoconstriction after each exposure. After nine LPS exposures, there was evidence on histological examination of airway infiltration of, predominantly, neutrophils in perivascular, peribronchial, and alveolar tissues. After chronic LPS exposure, the airway epithelium possessed a marked goblet cell hyperplasia and evidence of inflammatory edema, features contributory to reduced airway caliber. Treatment with dexamethasone (20 mg ⅐ kg Ϫ1 ) or rolipram (1 mg ⅐ kg Ϫ1 ), administered (i.p.) 24 and 0.5 h before exposure and 24 and 47 h after each subsequent exposure, attenuated the inflammatory cell infiltration into the airway, goblet cell hyperplasia, and inflammatory edema. Dexamethasone exacerbated, whereas rolipram reversed, the chronic LPS-induced bronchoconstrictions. This study demonstrates that chronic LPS causes persistent bronchoconstriction, neutrophilic airway inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and edema. These rolipram-sensitive features suggest the potential of PDE4 inhibitors in chronic inflammatory lung diseases.Chronic mucus hypersecretion is an important symptomatic and pathological feature of a heterogeneous group of chronic respiratory diseases that includes chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and asthma (Rogers, 1994;Jackson, 2001). Persistent mucus overproduction contributes to reduced airway caliber and the occlusion of small airways (reduced FEV 1 ), productive cough, and labored breathing (Jackson, 2001). Individuals with chronic mucus hypersecretion also suffer from an increased frequency and duration of respiratory infection, causing further exacerbation of their original respiratory pathology (Jackson, 2001).The two major sources of mucus secretion in the respiratory tract are the surface epithelial goblet cells and mucous cells of the submucosal glands. In normal lungs, goblet cells are present in the large bronchi, becoming increasingly sparse toward the bronchioles. The submucosal glands are restricted to the large airways with their density decreasing with airway caliber, such that they are absent in the bronchioles. In chronic respiratory diseases, such as COPD and asthma, submucosal glands increase in size (hypertrophy), and the number of goblet cells is increased (hyperplasia), becoming more dense in the peripheral airways, via a phenotypic conversion of nongoblet epithelial cells (metaplasia) (Rogers, 1994;Jackson, 2001). The increased ratio of goble...

show abstract

Increased airway responsiveness to inhaled methacholine in a rat model of chronic bronchitis.

Cited by 59 publications

References 18 publications

Bronchial Wall Thickness in Toll Collectors

Bronchial Wall Thickness in Toll Collectors

Concentrated Ambient Air Particles Induce Vasoconstriction of Small Pulmonary Arteries in Rats

Goblet Cell Hyperplasia, Airway Function, and Leukocyte Infiltration after Chronic Lipopolysaccharide Exposure in Conscious Guinea Pigs: Effects of Rolipram and Dexamethasone

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About