Increased airway resistance during xenon anaesthesia in pigs is attributed to physical properties of the gas

Baumert, J.‐H.; Reyle-Hahn, M.; Hecker, K.; Tenbrinck, R.; Kuhlen, Ralf; Rossaint, Rolf

doi:10.1093/bja/88.4.540

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…32 High Xe concentrations in pigs produce only a modest airway pressure increase. 33,34 In dogs, high concentrations only modestly increase airway resistance, even after drug-induced bronchoconstriction. 35 In our study, ETCO 2 was unchanged in the presence of Xe.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Xenon Ventilation During Therapeutic Hypothermia in Neonatal Encephalopathy: A Feasibility Study

et al. 2014

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Therapeutic hypothermia has become standard of care in newborns with moderate and severe neonatal encephalopathy; however, additional interventions are needed. In experimental models, breathing xenon gas during cooling offers long-term additive neuroprotection. This is the first xenon feasibility study in cooled infants. Xenon is expensive, requiring a closed-circuit delivery system. METHODS: Cooled newborns with neonatal encephalopathy were eligible for this single-arm, dose-escalation study if clinically stable, under 18 hours of age and requiring less than 35% oxygen. Xenon duration increased stepwise from 3 to 18 hours in 14 subjects; 1 received 25% xenon and 13 received 50%. Respiratory, cardiovascular, neurologic (ie, amplitude-integrated EEG, seizures), and inflammatory (C-reactive protein) effects were examined. The effects of starting or stopping xenon rapidly or slowly were studied. Three matched control subjects per xenon treated subject were selected from our cooling database. Follow-up was at 18 months using mental developmental and physical developmental indexes of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II. RESULTS: No adverse respiratory or cardiovascular effects, including post-extubation stridor, were seen. Xenon increased sedation and suppressed seizures and background electroencephalographic activity. Seizures sometimes occurred during rapid weaning of xenon but not during slow weaning. C-reactive protein levels were similar between groups. Hourly xenon consumption was 0.52 L. Three died, and 7 of 11 survivors had mental and physical developmental index scores ≥70 at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Breathing 50% xenon for up to 18 hours with 72 hours of cooling was feasible, with no adverse effects seen with 18 months' follow-up.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Xenon Ventilation During Therapeutic Hypothermia in Neonatal Encephalopathy: A Feasibility Study

et al. 2014

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“…Because of its high viscosity and density, resistance to air flow is higher, which may increase peak airway pressure above clinical tolerance levels (23,24). Because of its high viscosity and density, resistance to air flow is higher, which may increase peak airway pressure above clinical tolerance levels (23,24).…”

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confidence: 99%

Protecting Both Heart and Brain

Kirkland¹

2013

Critical Care Medicine

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“…The animals, obtained courtesy of the Department of Anesthesiology, RWTH Aachen, had undergone experimental xenon narcosis for 6-8 h [3]. Therefore, a wash-out period was maintained and the narcosis mode was changed to a standard (N 2 O 70%, Isoflurane approximately 0.8%), prior to inclusion in our study.…”

Section: Surgical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of plasmin enzymes and chondroitinase ABC in creating posterior vitreous separation in the pig: a masked, placebo-controlled in vivo study

Hermel

Schrage

2006

Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Increased airway resistance during xenon anaesthesia in pigs is attributed to physical properties of the gas

Abstract: The increase in airway pressure observed with xenon anaesthesia is attributed completely to its higher density and viscosity. Therefore, determination of airway resistance must take into account the physical properties of the gas. Xenon does not exert any major effect on airway diameter.

Cited by 30 publications

References 19 publications

Xenon Ventilation During Therapeutic Hypothermia in Neonatal Encephalopathy: A Feasibility Study

Xenon Ventilation During Therapeutic Hypothermia in Neonatal Encephalopathy: A Feasibility Study

Protecting Both Heart and Brain

Efficacy of plasmin enzymes and chondroitinase ABC in creating posterior vitreous separation in the pig: a masked, placebo-controlled in vivo study

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