Increase of tyrosinase activity at the wound site in zebrafish imaged by a new fluorescent probe

Abstract

Wounds in zebrafish display higher tyrosinase activity observed with a long wavelength fluorescent probe.

An Oxazine‐Based Fluorogenic Probe with Changeable π‐Conjugation to Eliminate False‐Positive Interference of Albumin and Its Application to Sensing Aminopeptidase N

“…Under this condition, linear fluorescence increases can be observed for both probes in 30 min with different APN concentrations, of which Ox-ala displayed more rapid fluorescence enhancement (Figure S8). Based on the initial rate assay [8] and the linear curves of APN titrations (Figure S9), the detection limits toward APN were determined to be 0.12 ng mL À 1 and 0.21 ng mL À 1 for Ox-ala and MB-ala, respectively, implying that Ox-ala derivatized from oxazine 1 is more sensitive.…”

Persistent and Efficient Multimodal Imaging for Tyrosinase Based on Two-Photon Excited Fluorescent and Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Probes

“…However, the overexpression of tyrosinase with its abnormal level in living systems would lead to severe diseases, such as skin diseases and melanoma cancer, and might also induce Parkinson’s disease. − It is reported that the survival rate of patients with early melanoma cancer can be as high as 97% if surgical treatments are received timely, whereas it is still a great challenge to diagnose and treat metastatic melanoma . Therefore, it is rather necessary to develop a sensitive and selective imaging method to assess the level of tyrosinase in various biological and pathological processes, which would provide an important reference for the diagnosis of these related diseases. − In the past years, medical imaging techniques have made great progress with the development of imaging devices and imaging probes, which have become powerful tools for monitoring and tracking in vitro and in vivo levels of various biologically important species. − Fluorescent probes have been widely employed as a powerful tool owing to their high selectivity, ultrasensitivity, and superior spatial resolution. , To date, most of them are one-photon excited fluorescent (OPEF) probes with relatively shorter excitation wavelengths; thus, the inevitable interference of background fluorescence and shallow depth of tissue penetration limit their further application in living systems. ,,,− To eliminate these deficiencies of OPEF probes, the two-photon excited fluorescent (TPEF) probes, which simultaneously absorb two photons with low energy and thus have the advantages of deep tissue penetration, less photodamage to tissues, and high spatial–temporal resolution, are taken into account. − Recently, Yoon et al reported a coumarin-based two-photon fluorescent off-on probe (TPTYR) for detecting tyrosinase activity . The TPTYR probe was constructed by incorporating 3-hydroxybenzyl that can react with tyrosinase to form a 4-methyl-7-hydroxylcoumarin, which possesses high selectivity, good sensitivity, and biocompatibility .…”

A novel fluorescent off–on probe based on 4-methylumbelliferone for highly sensitive determination of tyrosinase

“…23–27 However, these types of fluorescent probes can react with various ROS and thus would interfere with TYR determination. In recent years, Ma et al proposed to use 3-hydroxybenzyl as a TYR recognition fragment, which has been successfully combined with dicyanomethylenedihydrofuran, 28 fluorescent dye trihalide 29 and stable hemicanthocyanidin backbones 30 to construct several fluorescent probes. The proposed probes were used to identify TYR in cells and zebrafish, and the interference of ROS can be effectively avoided.…”

“…[35][36][37][38] In this work, inspired by the above studies, we proposed a novel fluorescent probe (MU) for TYR detection by combining the TYR specific recognition group 3bromomethylphenol into the fluorophore 4-methylumbelliferone, a derivative of coumarin, through nucleophilic substitution reaction. The addition of TYR to the probe can promote hydroxylation of the 4-position vacancy, and then be eliminated by 1,6rearrangement to release the fluorophore, [28][29][30][31][32][33][34]39 thus enhancing the ''off-on'' fluorescence response to TYR, and the enhancement of the fluorescence intensity was directly related to TYR activity, as shown in Scheme 1. In addition, the probe showed high selectivity and sensitivity to TYR, and was successfully applied to the determination of TYR activity in human serum and cell imaging.…”