Increase of Mucosal Mast Cells in the Jejunum of Patients Infected with &lt;i&gt;Trichinella spiralis&lt;/i&gt;

Gustowska, L; Ruitenberg, E. J.; Elgersma, Anneke; Kociecka, W

doi:10.1159/000233412

Cited by 40 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In parasitized animals, however, the number of mast cells increased, as seen before in numbers of isolated MMC [11], and these were mainly found in the lamina propria. This is in accordance with findings in rats in fected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis [18] and pa tients with Trichinella spiralis [ 19]. The pig seems to be a suitable species for further functional studies on mast cell heterogeneity [10,11],…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

Mast Cell Heterogeneity in the Small Intestine of Normal, Gnotobiotic and Parasitized Pigs

Pabst¹,

Beil²

1989

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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A formalin fixative and a formalin-free fixative were used to study mast cells in the small intestine of conventional, gnotobiotic and parasitized pigs. Many more mast cells were identified after basic lead acetate fixation (‘mucosal mast cells’, MMC) than after routine formalin fixation (‘connective tissue mast cells’). The MMC were preferentially localized in the lamina propria. There were no differences between conventional and gnotobiotic pigs. However, in parasitized animals, the number of mast cells was several times higher, mainly because there were more MMC. The heterogeneity of intestinal mast cells in the pig indicates that this might be an interesting model for functional studies on mast cell subsets.

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supporting

confidence: 90%

Mast Cell Heterogeneity in the Small Intestine of Normal, Gnotobiotic and Parasitized Pigs

Pabst¹,

Beil²

1989

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…This observation was confirmed in the jejunum of patients infected with T. spiralis, where an increased number of mucosal mast cells was observed [31].…”

Section: Mast Cellssupporting

confidence: 54%

The Immune Response to the Parasitic Nematode Trichinella and the Ways to Escape it. From Experimental Studies to Implications for Human Infection

Bruschi

2002

curr drug targets immune endocr metabol disord

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The review describes different aspects of the host immune response to Trichinella, not only at the intestinal level on which most of the studies have focused until now, but also in the muscles which represent the final target of host invasion. The role of antibodies, T cells, mast cells, eosinophils and neutrophils, respectively, in immune reaction to this nematode is considered, in the light of the recent data derived from experimental models, both "in vivo" and more recently "in vitro" and when available, from clinical observations. A section is also devoted to the principal escape mechanisms from host immune responses, described in Trichinella, which are in part common to other parasites, in part peculiar. Two groups of mechanisms are described: antigen-dependent, such as anatomic seclusion, antigen stage-specificity, shedding and renewal and molecular mimicry, and those directly affecting the host immune response. Of the latter, some act at central level like immune suppression, polyclonal activation and eosinophilia induction, others interfere with effector functions as in the case of host leukocyte modification, immune complex accumulation, blocking antibody production or complement assembly blocking. The antigenic composition of the different stages is the subject of another section which has the aim to give an overview of the principal antigens described up to now, without giving too many biochemical details, but just illustrating the candidates for possible vaccines. Finally, the perspectives for vaccination are described. Most of the results described are derived from the experimental studies, but their implications in human infection are relevant.

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“…In creased numbers of formaldehyde-sensitive mast cells were observed in the BAL fluid of patients with car cinoma, sarcoidosis, EAA, CFA, and mycobacterial infection, while in patients with sarcoidosis and EAA there was an even greater increase in formaldehyderesistant mast cells. A specific hyperplasia of form aldehyde-sensitive mast cells has been observed previ ously in jejunal biopsies from patients with nematode infection [33], but a disease-related alteration in the formaldehyde-resistant population has not hitherto been reported. The nature and cellular origin of the factors responsible for the differentiation and prolif eration of these mast cell subsets remain poorly un derstood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histochemical Heterogeneity of Human Mast Cells: Disease-Related Differences in Mast Cell Subsets Recovered by Bronchoalveolar Lavage

Walls

Roberts

Godfrey

et al. 1990

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Fixation and staining characteristics were studied for mast cells recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage from 67 patients being investigated for lung disease. The number of toluidine blue stained mast cells in formaldehyde-fixed cytocentrifuge preparations was consistently less than in specimens fixed in Carnoy’s solution, though the counts were highly dependent on the period of fixation or staining. The cellular histamine content closely correlated with total mast cell numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, but was not related to the relative proportions of mast cells which were sensitive or resistant to formaldehyde fixation when using a standard protocol. Compared with normal subjects, the numbers of formaldehyde-sensitive mast cells were significantly elevated in patients with bronchial carcinoma, sarcoidosis, extrinsic allergic alveolitis, cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis, and mycobacterial infection and were particularly high in the cases of interstitial lung disease. An even greater increase in numbers of formaldehyde-resistant mast cells was observed in the patients with sarcoidosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis. The associations of these mast cell subsets with disease may reflect relationships between the expansion of the formaldehyde-sensitive population and lymphocyte infiltration and between proliferation of formaldehyde-resistant mast cells and tissue fibrosis.

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Increase of Mucosal Mast Cells in the Jejunum of Patients Infected with <i>Trichinella spiralis</i>

Cited by 40 publications

References 7 publications

Mast Cell Heterogeneity in the Small Intestine of Normal, Gnotobiotic and Parasitized Pigs

Mast Cell Heterogeneity in the Small Intestine of Normal, Gnotobiotic and Parasitized Pigs

The Immune Response to the Parasitic Nematode Trichinella and the Ways to Escape it. From Experimental Studies to Implications for Human Infection

Histochemical Heterogeneity of Human Mast Cells: Disease-Related Differences in Mast Cell Subsets Recovered by Bronchoalveolar Lavage

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