Increase of heterozygosity in a growing population of lesser kestrels

Ortego, Joaquín; Aparicio, José Miguel; Calabuig, Gustau

doi:10.1098/rsbl.2007.0268

Cited by 38 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Thus, the high reproductive potential, combined with the relatively short duration of the observed bottleneck and the buffering effects of immigration, may be critical to ensuring the persistence of these populations. Similar results have been noted in other vertebrate species that have experienced little reduction in genetic variation following a known bottleneck (Kuo and Janzen 2004;Hailer et al 2006;Busch et al 2007;Ortego et al 2007). …”

Section: Sensitivity Of the Methodssupporting

confidence: 73%

Bottlenecks and rescue effects in a fluctuating population of golden-mantled ground squirrels (Spermophilus lateralis)

et al. 2010

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Mammal species characterized by highly fluctuating populations often maintain genetic diversity in response to frequent demographic bottlenecks, suggesting the ameliorating influence of life history and behavioral factors. Immigration in particular is expected to promote genetic recovery and is hypothesized to be the most likely process maintaining genetic diversity in fluctuating mammal populations. Most demographic bottlenecks have been inferred retrospectively, and direct analysis of a natural population before, during, and after a bottleneck is rare. Using a continuous 10-year dataset detailing the complete demographic and genetic history of a fluctuating population of golden-mantled ground squirrels (Spermophilus lateralis), we analyzed the genetic consequences of a 4-year demographic bottleneck that reduced the population to seven adult squirrels, and we evaluated the potential ''rescue effect'' of immigration. Analysis of six microsatellite loci revealed that, while a decline in allelic richness was observed during the bottleneck, there was no observed excess of heterozygosity, a characteristic bottleneck signature, and no evidence for heterozygote deficiency during the recovery phase. In addition, we found no evidence for inbreeding depression during or after the bottleneck. By identifying immigrants and analyzing their demographic and genetic contributions, we found that immigration promoted demographic recovery and countered the genetic effects of the bottleneck, especially the loss of allelic richness. Within 3 years both population size and genetic variation had recovered to pre-bottleneck levels, supporting the role of immigration in maintaining genetic variation during bottleneck events in fluctuating populations. Our analyses revealed considerable variation among analytical techniques in their ability to detect genetic bottlenecks, suggesting that caution is warranted when evaluating bottleneck events based on one technique.

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Section: Sensitivity Of the Methodssupporting

confidence: 73%

Bottlenecks and rescue effects in a fluctuating population of golden-mantled ground squirrels (Spermophilus lateralis)

et al. 2010

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“…400 chicks per year) and the effectiveness of capture (i.e. the ratio between the number of captured birds and the total number of individuals at a colony) of breeding adults in the studied colonies was on average 70% (Ortego et al 2007c. Adults were trapped with a noose carpet or by hand during incubation and were individually marked with metallic and coloured plastic rings for later identification.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, to avoid pseudo-replication, we dealt with the means of heterozygosity for each brood and then calculated average heterozygosity for each colony-year (e.g. Ortego et al 2007c). The identities of colonies, cohorts and subpopulations were also included as random effects in this analysis.…”

Section: (C) Immigration Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this purpose, we calculated average heterozygosity for each colony and year. We did not pool data over years for each colony because both colony size and parameters associated with spatial isolation are not constant over years for a given colony as a consequence of population changes and eventual extinction or foundation of new colonies (Ortego et al 2007c). We performed these analyses taking into account that data of genetic diversity provided by siblings are non-independent.…”

Section: (C) Immigration Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Segelbacher et al 2003;Hoglund et al 2007;White & Searle 2007), or reported temporal increases of genetic diversity following demographic expansions (e.g. Hansson et al 2000;Ortego et al 2007c), or decreases after population bottlenecks (e.g. Groombridge et al 2000;Taylor et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Individual genetic diversity correlates with the size and spatial isolation of natal colonies in a bird metapopulation

et al. 2008

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The genetic consequences of small population size and isolation are of central concern in both population and conservation biology. Organisms with a metapopulation structure generally show effective population sizes that are much smaller than the number of mature individuals and this can reduce genetic diversity especially in small sized and isolated subpopulations. Here, we examine the association between heterozygosity and the size and spatial isolation of natal colonies in a metapopulation of lesser kestrels (Falco naumanni ). For this purpose, we used capture-mark-recapture data to determine the patterns of immigration into the studied colonies, and 11 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers that allowed us to estimate genetic diversity of locally born individuals. We found that individuals born in smaller and more isolated colonies were genetically less diverse. These colonies received a lower number of immigrants, supporting the idea that both reduced gene flow and small population size are responsible for the genetic pattern observed. Our results are particularly intriguing because the lesser kestrel is a vagile and migratory species with great movement capacity and dispersal potential. Overall, this study provides evidence of the association between individual heterozygosity and the size and spatial isolation of natal colonies in a highly mobile vertebrate showing relatively frequent dispersal and low genetic differentiation among local subpopulations.

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Rapid genomic convergent evolution in experimental populations of Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata)

et al. 2022

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Although rapid phenotypic evolution has been documented often, the genomic basis of rapid adaptation to natural environments is largely unknown in multicellular organisms. Population genomic studies of experimental populations of Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata) provide a unique opportunity to study this phenomenon. Guppy populations that were transplanted from high‐predation (HP) to low‐predation (LP) environments have been shown to evolve toward the phenotypes of naturally colonized LP populations in as few as eight generations. These changes persist in common garden experiments, indicating that they have a genetic basis. Here, we report results of whole genome variation in four experimental populations colonizing LP sites along with the corresponding HP source population. We examined genome‐wide patterns of genetic variation to estimate past demography and used a combination of genome scans, forward simulations, and a novel analysis of allele frequency change vectors to uncover the signature of selection. We detected clear signals of population growth and bottlenecks at the genome‐wide level that matched the known history of population numbers. We found a region on chromosome 15 under strong selection in three of the four populations and with our multivariate approach revealing subtle parallel changes in allele frequency in all four populations across this region. Investigating patterns of genome‐wide selection in this uniquely replicated experiment offers remarkable insight into the mechanisms underlying rapid adaptation, providing a basis for comparison with other species and populations experiencing rapidly changing environments.

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Increase of heterozygosity in a growing population of lesser kestrels

Cited by 38 publications

References 17 publications

Bottlenecks and rescue effects in a fluctuating population of golden-mantled ground squirrels (Spermophilus lateralis)

Bottlenecks and rescue effects in a fluctuating population of golden-mantled ground squirrels (Spermophilus lateralis)

Individual genetic diversity correlates with the size and spatial isolation of natal colonies in a bird metapopulation

Rapid genomic convergent evolution in experimental populations of Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata)

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