Increase of essential amino acids in the bovine uterine lumen during preimplantation development

Groebner, Anna E.; Rubio‐Aliaga, Isabel; Schülke, K.; Reichenbach, Horst-Dieter; Daniel, Hannelore; Wolf, Eckhard; Meyer, H. H. D.; Ulbrich, Susanne E.

doi:10.1530/rep-10-0533

Cited by 90 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The increased SLC7A3 expression agrees with the results of a recent study in which higher levels of cationic and other (particularly branched chained) amino acids, were found in uterine flushings from pregnant heifers [73].…”

Section: Genes Not Regulated After Ifna2 Administration But On D15 Ansupporting

confidence: 90%

Comparison of the Effects of Early Pregnancy with Human Interferon, Alpha 2 (IFNA2), on Gene Expression in Bovine Endometrium1

Bauersachs¹,

Ulbrich

Reichenbach

et al. 2012

Biology of Reproduction

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109

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Interferon tau (IFNT), a type I IFN similar to alpha IFNs (IFNA), is the pregnancy recognition signal produced by the ruminant conceptus. To elucidate specific effects of bovine IFNT and of other conceptus-derived factors, endometrial gene expression changes during early pregnancy were compared to gene expression changes after intrauterine application of human IFNA2. In experiment 1, endometrial tissue samples were obtained on Day (D) 12, D15, and D18 postmating from nonpregnant or pregnant heifers. In experiment 2, heifers were treated from D14 to D16 of the estrous cycle with an intrauterine device releasing IFNA2 or, as controls, placebo lipid extrudates or PBS only. Endometrial biopsies were performed after flushing the uterus. All samples from both experiments were analyzed with an Affymetrix Bovine Genome Array. Experiment 1 revealed differential gene expression between pregnant and nonpregnant endometria on D15 and D18. In experiment 2, IFNA2 treatment resulted in differential gene expression in the bovine endometrium. Comparison of the data sets from both studies identified genes that were differentially expressed in response to IFNA2 but not in response to pregnancy on D15 or D18. In addition, genes were found that were differentially expressed during pregnancy but not after IFNA2 treatment. In experiment 3, spatiotemporal alterations in expression of selected genes were determined in uteri from nonpregnant and early pregnant heifers using in situ hybridization. The overall findings of this study suggest differential effects of bovine IFNT compared to human IFNA2 and that some pregnancy-specific changes in the endometrium are elicited by conceptus-derived factors other than IFNT.endometrium, hormone action, pregnancy, reproductive immunology, uterus

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Section: Genes Not Regulated After Ifna2 Administration But On D15 Ansupporting

confidence: 90%

Comparison of the Effects of Early Pregnancy with Human Interferon, Alpha 2 (IFNA2), on Gene Expression in Bovine Endometrium1

Bauersachs¹,

Ulbrich

Reichenbach

et al. 2012

Biology of Reproduction

Self Cite

109

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“…Gene expression is given in italics and protein abundance is given in normal font. Data compiled from references [20,27,34,35,49,64,65,67,[74][75][76][77]. FORDE and LONERGAN 192 in both beef and dairy cattle have identified a correlation between concentrations of progesterone up to Day 7 following insemination and subsequent pregnancy rates [44,45].…”

Section: Cycle Related Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of both retinol and retinol binding protein (RBP) have been detected in uterine luminal fluid on Day 15 in cyclic animals [74] and the use of 2-D gel electorphoresis identified increased protein abundance of carbonic anhydrase, ezrin, heat shock protein 70, isocitrate dehydrogenase, nucleoside diphosphate kinase, peroxiredoxin 1, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, thioredoxin and triosephosphate isomerise with a coordinate decrease in cystatin E/M, legumain, RBP and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 [75]. In addition to these proteins, the concentration of 6-keto PGF1alpha, PEF2a, PGE2, PGD2 and TXB2 are higher in the uterine fluid from pregnant heifers on Day 15 and 18 compared to their cyclic counterparts [76] as well as increased concentrations of both essential and non-essential proteinogenic amino acids in the gravid uterine horn on Day 18 [77]. It is likely that these molecules play a role in driving the elongation process of the conceptus and contribute to successful pregnancy prior to implantation.…”

Section: Histotroph Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Analysis of the Bovine Endometrium: What is Required to Establish Uterine Receptivity to Implantation in Cattle ?

Forde

Lonergan

2012

Journal of Reproduction and Development

116

103

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Abstract. In cattle, the majority of pregnancy loss can be attributed to early embryonic loss which occurs prior maternal recognition of pregnancy on Day 16 (Day 0 = ovulation). During this time, carefully orchestrated spatio-temporal alterations in the transcriptomic profile of the endometrium are required to drive conceptus elongation, via secretions from the endometrium (termed histotroph) and establish uterine receptivity to implantation. The two main modulators of these processed are progesterone (P4) and the pregnancy recognition signal interferon tau (IFNT). Altered concentrations of P4 in circulation mediate its effects via the endometrium and have been associated with different rates of conceptus elongation in cattle. Transcriptomic analysis of the endometrium has shown that modulation of circulating P4 alters endometrial expression of genes that can contribute to histotroph composition, which is beneficial (when P4 is supplemented) or detrimental (when P4 is reduced) to the developing conceptus. In addition, down-regulation of the progesterone receptor, required to establish uterine receptivity, is altered in the endometrium of heifers with altered P4 concentrations. IFNT, a type 1 interferon, also significantly impacts on the endometrial transcriptome. It induces the expression of a large number of classical interferon stimulated genes as early as Day 15 of pregnancy. In summary, the successful establishment of pregnancy in cattle requires a sequence of key events to ensure appropriate maternally derived secretions, establish uterine receptivity to implantation as well as an adequate endometrial response to IFNT production. Key words: Estrous cycle, Gene expression, Pregnancy, Progesterone (J. Reprod. Dev. 58: [189][190][191][192][193][194][195] 2012) I n cattle, as in other ungulate ruminants, the implantation process is characterized by a protracted period of elongation of the hatched blastocyst followed by apposition, attachment and adhesion of the trophectoderm to the uterine luminal epithelium (LE) [1,2]. Following successful fertilisation of an oocyte in the oviduct, the resulting embryo enters the uterus on approximately day 4 of pregnancy where it undergoes a number of cell divisions to form the morula which, after further differentiation, forms a blastocyst consisting of the inner cells mass (which will eventually give rise to the embryo/foetus) and an outer cell mass consisting of trophectoderm cells which ultimately give rise to the placenta. Up to the blastocyst stage of development, the embryo is relatively autonomous i.e. contact with the maternal uterine environment is not strictly required, as evidenced by the fact it is possible to culture embryos in vitro up to the blastocyst stage of development. However, once the embryo hatches from the zona pellucida (approximately day 9-10), significant morphological changes occur in the conceptus of domestic animals, including cattle, that differentiate the early pregnancy events from those of rodents, humans and non-human primates. The hatch...

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Section: Specific Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adequate essential AA present in the uterus will improve blastocyst activation and trophoblast motility (Groebner et al, 2011;Bazer et al, 2012a,b;González et al, 2012). Concentrations of arginine in uterine flushings was greater on d 18 in pregnant vs. nonpregnant heifers (Groebner et al, 2011). Arginine via nitric oxide stimulates mammalian target of rapamycin cell signaling, which can stimulate fetal production of the pregnancy recognition signal, interferon-tau (Bazer et al, 2012b).…”

Section: Specific Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

BEEF SPECIES SYMPOSIUM: An assessment of the 1996 Beef NRC: Metabolizable protein supply and demand and effectiveness of model performance prediction of beef females within extensive grazing systems1,2,3

Waterman

Caton

Löest

et al. 2014

Journal of Animal Science

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Interannual variation of forage quantity and quality driven by precipitation events influence beef livestock production systems within the Southern and Northern Plains and Pacific West, which combined represent 60% (approximately 17.5 million) of the total beef cows in the United States. The beef cattle requirements published by the NRC are an important tool and excellent resource for both professionals and producers to use when implementing feeding practices and nutritional programs within the various production systems. The objectives of this paper include evaluation of the 1996 Beef NRC model in terms of effectiveness in predicting extensive range beef cow performance within arid and semiarid environments using available data sets, identifying model inefficiencies that could be refined to improve the precision of predicting protein supply and demand for range beef cows, and last, providing recommendations for future areas of research. An important addition to the current Beef NRC model would be to allow users to provide region-specific forage characteristics and the ability to describe supplement composition, amount, and delivery frequency. Beef NRC models would then need to be modified to account for the N recycling that occurs throughout a supplementation interval and the impact that this would have on microbial efficiency and microbial protein supply. The Beef NRC should also consider the role of ruminal and postruminal supply and demand of specific limiting AA. Additional considerations should include the partitioning effects of nitrogenous compounds under different physiological production stages (e.g., lactation, pregnancy, and periods of BW loss). The intent of information provided is to aid revision of the Beef NRC by providing supporting material for changes and identifying gaps in existing scientific literature where future research is needed to enhance the predictive precision and application of the Beef NRC models.

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Increase of essential amino acids in the bovine uterine lumen during preimplantation development

Cited by 90 publications

References 45 publications

Comparison of the Effects of Early Pregnancy with Human Interferon, Alpha 2 (IFNA2), on Gene Expression in Bovine Endometrium1

Comparison of the Effects of Early Pregnancy with Human Interferon, Alpha 2 (IFNA2), on Gene Expression in Bovine Endometrium1

Transcriptomic Analysis of the Bovine Endometrium: What is Required to Establish Uterine Receptivity to Implantation in Cattle ?

BEEF SPECIES SYMPOSIUM: An assessment of the 1996 Beef NRC: Metabolizable protein supply and demand and effectiveness of model performance prediction of beef females within extensive grazing systems1,2,3

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