Increase in the Population of Duodenal Immunoglobulin A Plasmocytes in Axenic Mice Associated with Different Living or Dead Bacterial Strains of Intestinal Origin

Abstract

Various bacterial strains were tested for their ability to stimulate immunoglobulin A (IgA) plasmocytes to populate the duodenal lamina propria in axenic mice.The mice were associated with the strains for at least 4 weeks. The strains 532 on August 5, 2020 by guest http://iai.asm.org/ Downloaded from

The Role of Mucosal Microbiota in the Development, Maintenance, and Pathologies of the Mucosal Immune System

“…Some organisms (Morganella morganii, Listeria monocytogenes mutant) resulted in a relatively high proportion of specific antibody while others did not (H. muridarum, SFB). In agreement with Moreau et al (1978), a cocktail of gut commensals (the eight members of ASF) stimulated nearly normal levels of total IgA production, as did the single microbial colonizer, SFB.…”

“…Although no specific IgA responses in the gut or IgA plasmablasts in gut LP were addressed, Bacteroides and Escherichia species were found to be more effective than a variety of other microbes, including lactobacilli, enterococci, clostridia, corynebacteria, and actinobacilli. A mixture of four different gut microbes, used to colonize GF mice, came closest to simulating the development of a steady state of IgA plasma cells, comparable to that in the LP of CNV mice over a 4-week period (Moreau et al, 1978).…”

“…Although mixtures of gut microbial species, each successfully cultivated in vitro, have been shown to stimulate the development of IgA plasma cells in gut LP of formerly GF mice to roughly one-half to two-thirds of the levels from that in conventionally reared mice (Moreau et al, 1978), most associations with single gut commensals are far less effective, quantitatively and temporally (Carter and Pollard, 1971;Foo and Lee, 1972;Berg and Savage, 1975;Moreau et al, 1978;Table 18.1). In the last decade, we have appreciated that major elements of the gut flora of mice and of many other animals were obligate anaerobes that have not yet been cultured in vitro (Tannock et al, 1987).…”

“…We have sought to extend the analyses by Moreau et al (1978) to include seven innocuous enteric organisms as monoassociates of formerly GF mice as well as the eight commensal microbes in the altered Schaedler's flora (ASF) (Dewhirst et al, 1999). We compared their ability to stimulate the expression of "natural" IgA in the gut as well as specific antibodies reactive with sonicates of the organisms.…”

Intestinal, segmented, filamentous bacteria

“…It is only known that some components of the autochthonous g.i. microbiota can stimulate non-specific immunity, either systemically [59,[79][80][81][82] or locally [18,[81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88] or both systemically and locally [82,89,90]. Autochthonous gut bacteria can also stimulate specific immunity [91][92][93][94][95] anO induce specific immunological tolerance [60,92,94,[96][97][98].…”