Increase in testicular temperature in case of cryptorchidism in boys

Mieusset, R.; Fouda, Pierre Joseph; Vaysse, P; Guitard, J.; Moscovici, J.; Juskiéwenski, S

doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55999-8

Cited by 75 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Undescended testes exposed to a high temperature are likely to complete spermatogenic failure in that decreases in sperm count and motility are developed [25,26,27], albeit testicular volume is not affected [28]. Early orchidopexy is proposed to prevent morphological changes in undescended testes and can improve fertile outcome [3,24,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptorchidism Is Not a Risk Factor for Antisperm Antibody Production in Post-Orchidopexy Males with Infertility

Jiang

Zhu²

2013

Urol Int

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Introduction: Infertility in adulthood is a well-recognized consequence of cryptorchidism, even after successful orchidopexy. Autoimmune reactions against spermatozoa are associated with infertility and often found in cryptorchids. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the linkage between antisperm antibody (ASA) and cryptorchidism, and furthermore, to clarify whether ASA is involved in cryptorchidism-associated infertility. Materials and Methods: We investigated a total of 48 infertile males with a history of unilateral (n = 30) or bilateral (n = 18) cryptorchidism who had undergone successful orchidopexy in prepuberty, and 20 age-matched fertile and healthy males were collected as controls. ASA in sperm samples was detected by the direct immunobead test, and semen analysis was performed concomitantly. Results: No infertile case satisfied the diagnostic criteria of ASA-mediated infertility set forth by the World Health Organization. Decreases in both sperm concentration and motility accompanied by increases in abnormal morphology were seen in infertile cryptorchids when compared with the healthy controls. Conclusions: Testicular heat exposure in prepuberty is not a risk factor for ASA production. It is evident that the mechanisms that underlie cryptorchidism-associated infertility do not involve ASA. Poor sperm characteristics in cryptorchids resulting from thermal damage to the testes seem to be responsible for their infertility, even after successful orchidopexy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptorchidism Is Not a Risk Factor for Antisperm Antibody Production in Post-Orchidopexy Males with Infertility

Jiang

Zhu²

2013

Urol Int

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“…Recently, germ cell degeneration has been demonstrated to take place by means of programmed cell death (apoptosis) characterized with internucleozomal fragmentation as a response to thermal stress (19,(21)(22)(23). In this stage, thermal shock transcription fac-tor 1 is activated and induces apoptosis of primary spermatocytes, which results in infertility in male mice (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the effects of experimental cryptorchidism formed in prepubertal rats during the postpubertal and adult periods

Özbağ¹,

Gümüşalan²,

Özkaya³

et al. 2013

BLL

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Abstract:Objective: Investigation of the effects of experimental cryptorchidism formed in prepubertal rats during the postpubertal and adult periods. Material and methods:The abdominal cavities of 20 rats in the control group were just opened and closed without any further surgical procedure. The testicles of 20 rats in the experimental group were fi xed to the anterolateral wall of the abdominal cavity under general anesthesia. At the 6th month, blood and testis tissue samples of rats were obtained and the rats were sacrifi ced and the experiment was terminated. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS 15.0 package software. Results: The histopathological evaluation of testicular tissues of rats in the control group was in the normal limits. Of the experimental group, the testicular tissues had injury in nearly half of the rats, in which the testicles were fi xed in the abdomen for three months that is the 1st subgroup. FSH levels were statistically signifi cantly elevated in both experimental groups of rats (p<0.01). Discussion and conclusion: Cryptorchidism formed experimentally causes a partial damage in the testicular tissue of pubertal rats, however the damage increases gradually in the testicles of rats, in which the testicles were descended and left in the scrotum for another three months. The statistically elevated levels of FSH in both experimental groups of rats can be accounted for severe testicular damage. The timing in descending the undescended testicles to the scrotum is essential and should be performed before the puberty and as early as possible in avoiding the risk of infertility (Tab. 3, Fig. 5, Ref. 44). Full Text in PDF www.elis.sk.

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“…This condition was thought to be associated with a 35-to 50-fold greater risk of malignant testicular tumors compared with the normal population [58], although later studies suggested a somewhat lower risk of malignancy (five-to tenfold elevation) [59,60]. The higher temperature to which the undescended testis is exposed has a detrimental effect on spermatogenesis [61]. Given that spontaneous testicular descent cannot be expected more than 3-6 months after birth [56], early orchidopexy is recommended to promote normal testicular development in adulthood [62].…”

Section: Noa With Undescended Testismentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of non‐obstructive azoospermia

Chiba

Enatsu

Fujisawa

2016

Reprod Medicine & Biology

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Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is defined as no sperm in the ejaculate due to failure of spermatogenesis and is the most severe form of male infertility. The etiology of NOA is either intrinsic testicular impairment or inadequate gonadotropin production. Chromosomal or genetic abnormalities should be evaluated because there is a relatively high incidence compared with the normal population. Although rare, NOA due to inadequate gonadotropin production is a condition in which fertility can be improved by medical treatment. In contrast, there is no treatment that can restore spermatogenesis in the majority of NOA patients. Consequently, testicular extraction of sperm under an operating microscope (micro-TESE) has been the firstline treatment for these patients. Other treatment options include varicocelectomy for NOA patients with a palpable varicocele and orchidopexy if undescended testes are diagnosed after adulthood, although management of these patients remains controversial. Advances in retrieving spermatozoa more efficiently by micro-TESE have been made during the past decade. In addition, recent advances in biotechnology have raised the possibility of using germ cells produced from stem cells in the future. This review presents current knowledge about the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of NOA.

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Increase in testicular temperature in case of cryptorchidism in boys

Cited by 75 publications

References 6 publications

Cryptorchidism Is Not a Risk Factor for Antisperm Antibody Production in Post-Orchidopexy Males with Infertility

Cryptorchidism Is Not a Risk Factor for Antisperm Antibody Production in Post-Orchidopexy Males with Infertility

Investigation of the effects of experimental cryptorchidism formed in prepubertal rats during the postpubertal and adult periods

Management of non‐obstructive azoospermia

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