Increase in participation but decrease in performance in age group mountain marathoners in the ‘Jungfrau Marathon’: a Swiss phenomenon?

Knechtle, Beat; Rosemann, Thomas; Zingg, Matthias Alexander; Rüst, Christoph Alexander

doi:10.1186/s40064-015-1330-y

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Differences of course times between city marathons and Napfmarathon were analyzed with two-sided paired t-tests. The analyzed polynomial Interpolation 2 Degree for the matched sample yielding to an u-shaped age course time relationship with optimal age of 34 years in Napfmarathon and 35 years in city marathons (Figure 4), whereby these findings are supported by others [24]. If all course times are taken, local minimum for men is around 34 years nearly equivalent for both competitions forms ( Figure 5).…”

Section: Statistical Proceduressupporting

confidence: 71%

“…If all course times are taken, local minimum for men is around 34 years nearly equivalent for both competitions forms ( Figure 5). In woman with 28.7 years a lower value results a pattern also found for Jungfraumarathon where reasons were attributed towards differences in lean mass [22,[24][25][26][27] (Figure 6). Trying to compare results from statistical regressions, with β=1.7 for Napfmarathon versus β=2.1 for city marathon a smaller increase in course times results with increasing age (Figure 3) Furthermore, R2=0.15 for Napfmarathon is smaller than R2=0.19 for city marathons (Figure 3).…”

Section: Statistical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Effects of Beta-Alanine Supplementation on Athletic Performance: A Mini-Review

Jaffe¹

2018

RISM

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Section: Statistical Proceduressupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Statistical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 80%

Effects of Beta-Alanine Supplementation on Athletic Performance: A Mini-Review

Jaffe¹

2018

RISM

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“…Generally, men are running faster than women when competing at both world class level 1,2 and at recreational level. 10 The sex difference remained stable in running distances from 100 m to the marathon in the last decades in elite athletes. 13,14 However, this difference is most likely due to the number of selected athletes for an analysis because most running studies investigated generally a limited sample of the best athletes for each age-group.…”

Section: Master Men Were Faster Than Master Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance trends in age‐group runners from 100 m to marathon—The World Championships from 1975 to 2015

Nikolaidis¹,

Zingg

Knechtle

2017

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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This study examined changes in performance in age-group track runners across years from 1975 to 2015 for 100, 200, 400, 800, 1500, 5000, 10 000 m, and marathon and the corresponding sex differences. Athletes were ranked in 5-year age-group intervals from 35-39 to 95-99 years. For all races and all years, the eight female and male finalists for each age-group were included. Men were faster than women and this observation was more pronounced in the shorter distances. The younger age-groups were faster than the older age-groups and age exerted the largest effect on speed in 800 m and the smallest in marathon. There was a small variation of speed by calendar years. The competition density varied by sex and race distance. Half of participants were from USA, Germany, Australia, and Great Britain, but the participants' nationality varied by sex and race distance. In summary, the variation of competitiveness by sex in short race distances might be important for athletes and coaches. Considering the event's competitiveness and that athletes are participating in both 100 and 200 m or in 200 and 400 m, master women should be oriented to 200 m and master men should be oriented to 100 and 400 m.

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“…Furthermore, a study investigating master athletes in the '100 km Lauf Biel' showed a decrease in participation of younger age group runners [28]. In relation to the famous 'Jungfrau Marathon', a mountain marathon with worldwide participation that also hosts the World Championship in mountain marathon running, participation increased in age group runners, but performance was found to be impaired [29]. Obviously, for some races held in Switzerland, important changes took place in both participation and performance with a decrease in participation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participation and Performance Trends in the Oldest 100-km Ultramarathon in the World

Knechtle

Scheer

Nikolaidis³

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Participation and performance trends in ultramarathon running have been investigated for large datasets and long period of times with an increase in participants and an improvement in performance. However, the analysis of ultramarathons across many decades is missing. We analyzed these trends for 96,036 athletes (88,286 men and 7750 women) from 67 countries competing between 1956 and 2019 in ‘100 km Lauf Biel’ in Switzerland, the oldest 100-km ultramarathon in the world. More men than women participated in all years. The number of male participants reached a peak at around 1985 and a decline in participation occurred thereafter. Women started competing in 1962. Men were always faster than women and both women and men reduced their race times over years. After about 1985, both overall women and men and both female and male winners were not able to improve race times. For men, athletes from all age groups below the age of 49 years old reached a peak of participation in the 1980s, and showed a decrease since then. Regarding age groups, the decrease first started in age group 20–29 years, followed by 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, and 60–69 years. For athletes in age groups 70–79 and 80–89 years, no decrease occurred. For women, age group athletes in age groups 40–49, 50–59, and 60–69 years increased their participation, whereas age groups 20–29 and 30–39 peaked in the late 1980s and started to decrease or stabilize, respectively. Switzerland, Germany, and France were the countries with the highest numbers of participants throughout the history of the race. In men, race times increased after about 1990 for most nationalities; only runners from Germany seemed to stabilize their performance. In women, runners from Italy, France, and Austria improved their performance over the years. In summary, the analysis of the oldest 100-km ultramarathon in the world showed a decrease in participation and an impairment in performance in the last 60 years. These changes were due to a decrease in the number of male ultramarathoners in around the 1980s, where mainly the number of age group runners younger than 70 years decreased.

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Increase in participation but decrease in performance in age group mountain marathoners in the ‘Jungfrau Marathon’: a Swiss phenomenon?

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of Beta-Alanine Supplementation on Athletic Performance: A Mini-Review

Effects of Beta-Alanine Supplementation on Athletic Performance: A Mini-Review

Performance trends in age‐group runners from 100 m to marathon—The World Championships from 1975 to 2015

Participation and Performance Trends in the Oldest 100-km Ultramarathon in the World

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