Increase in omega-6 and decrease in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid oxidation elevates the risk of exudative AMD development in adults with Chinese diet

Abstract

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Nonenzymatic oxygenated metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid, 4(RS)‐4‐F4t‐neuroprostane, acts as a bioactive lipid molecule in neuronal cells

“…The high 4‐HHE in neurodegeneration [41] may be due to damaged neural cells leading to extensive oxidative stress in the brain to further oxidize the abundant F 4 ‐NeuroPs in situ [18,19]. In support, our recent study [42] showed low NeuroPs and high PUFA aldehydes in circulation were causative factors of age‐related macular degeneration. Nonetheless, the present work could substantiate beneficial activities of neural 4‐F 4t ‐NeuroP in healthy brain.…”

Measurement of Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Oxidation Products in Plasma and Urine of Macular Degeneration Using LC‐QTOF‐MS/MS

“…The LOP include 14 types of products derived from nonenzymatic oxidation of AA (F 2t -IsoP, IsoF), AdA (F 2t -dihomo-IsoP, F 2t -dihomo-IsoF), EPA (F 3t -IsoP) and DHA (F 4t -NeuroP), and 14 types from enzymatic oxidation of AA, EPA, and DHA, namely, HETE, RvE1 and, NPD1, and HDHA, respectively. From our understanding, it is the first method that quantified LOP generated by enzymatic and nonenzymatic oxidation of PUFA simultaneously in a single run in plasma and urine samples of AMD and more so, it provided a better understanding for its contribution in the pathogenesis of the disease in our previous study (Leung et al, 2019). In this study, QTOF was used in the LC-MS/MS system.…”

Halal antimicrobials in food: A review on prospects and challenges of antimicrobials from animal sources

“…From these verses, pigs and dogs are prohibited as there is evidence of reducing the quality life of human after consuming pork or having some physical contact with dogs. For instance, pork has a 7.6 ratio of omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids (Ojha et al, 2017) which can increase the risk of cardiovascular, autoimmune, cancer, and inflammatory diseases (Leung et al, 2019). Dogs are linked to diseases from parasites and pathogens such as Campylobacteriosis (Skarp, Hänninen & Rautelin, 2016).…”

“…Medium-and long-chain free fatty acids can deactivate L. monocytogenes (Sternkopf Lillebaek et al, 2017). Humans cannot synthesise EPA and DHA which have to be obtained from animal, plant, and bacterial sources as alternatives (Leung et al, 2019). FFA incorporates chitosan as an edible food coating to preserve food for better antimicrobial activity and decreasing the roughness of coating (Limited, 2012).…”