Increase in Crude Protein Content of Milk Replacers with Vegetable Protein: Effect on Health and Dairy Calves&amp;#039; Performance

Miqueo, Evangelina; Torrezan, Thais Manzoni; Rocha, Nathalia Britto; Paula, Marília Ribeiro de; Silva, Fernanda Lavínia Moura; Rodrigues, Paulo Henrique Mazza; Bittar, Carla Maris Machado

doi:10.3844/ajavsp.2017.17.25

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Milk proteins, such as whey protein concentrates, dry skim milk, or sweet whey powder, have greater digestibility (~94%; Guilloteau et al, 1986;Raeth et al, 2016) than vegetable proteins. Vegetable proteins include wheat and soy proteins and typically have a lower utilization in calves due to their imbalanced AA profile and the presence of antinutritional factors (Branco Pardal et al, 1995;Miqueo et al, 2017). However, a few highly processed sources of vegetable proteins, such as hydrolyzed wheat protein, may still represent suitable alternatives to reduce the dependence on dairy ingredients (Castro et al, 2016;Raeth et al, 2016).…”

Section: Protein Inclusion Quality and Source In Milk Replacermentioning

confidence: 99%

ADSA Foundation Scholar Award: New frontiers in calf and heifer nutrition—From conception to puberty

Niekerk

Fischer-Tlustos

Wilms

et al. 2021

Journal of Dairy Science

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Dairy calf nutrition is traditionally one of the most overlooked aspects of dairy management, despite its large effect on the efficiency and profitability of dairy operations. Unfortunately, among all animals on the dairy farm, calves suffer from the highest rates of morbidity and mortality. These challenges have catalyzed calf nutrition research over the past decade to mitigate high incidences of disease and death, and improve animal health, growth, welfare, and industry sustainability. However, major knowledge gaps remain in several crucial stages of development. The purpose of this review is to summarize the key concepts of nutritional physiology and programming from conception to puberty and their subsequent effects on development of the calf, and ultimately, future performance. During fetal development, developmental plasticity is highest. At this time, maternal energy and protein consumption can influence fetal development, likely playing a critical role in calf and heifer development and, importantly, future production. After birth, the calf's first meal of colostrum is crucial for the transfer of immunoglobulin to support calf health and survival. However, colostrum also contains numerous bioactive proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates that may play key roles in calf growth and health. Extending the delivery of these bioactive compounds to the calf through a gradual transition from colostrum to milk (i.e., extended colostrum or transition milk feeding) may confer benefits in the first days and weeks of life to prepare the calf for the preweaning period. Similarly, optimal nutrition during the preweaning period is vital. Preweaning calves are highly susceptible to health challenges, and improved calf growth and health can positively influence future milk production. Throughout the world, the majority of dairy calves rely on milk replacer to supply adequate nutrition. Recent research has started to re-evaluate traditional formulations of milk replacers, which can differ significantly in composition compared with whole milk. Transitioning from a milk-based diet to solid feed is critical in the development of mature ruminants. Delaying weaning age and providing long and gradual step-down protocols have become common to avoid production and health challenges. Yet, determining how to appropriately balance the amount of energy and protein supplied in both liquid and solid feeds based on preweaning milk allowances, and further acknowledging their interactions, shows great promise in improving growth and health during weaning. After weaning and during the onset of puberty, heifers are traditionally offered high-forage diets. However, recent work suggests that an early switch to a high-forage diet will depress intake and development during the time when solid feed efficiency is greatest. It has become increasingly clear that there are great opportunities to advance our knowledge of calf nutrition; yet, a more concentrated and rigorous approach to research that encompasses the long-term consequences of nutritional reg...

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Section: Protein Inclusion Quality and Source In Milk Replacermentioning

confidence: 99%

ADSA Foundation Scholar Award: New frontiers in calf and heifer nutrition—From conception to puberty

Niekerk

Fischer-Tlustos

Wilms

et al. 2021

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…No difference was observed among treatments for fecal score preweaning, similar to . However, there was an age effect on fecal score (P < 0.001) with an increase during the second week of age for all treatments (Figure 6), in agreement with other studies Miqueo et al, 2017). There was no difference among treatments for rectal temperature and diarrhea days, suggesting adequate immune passive transfer for the lowest volume fed (10%).…”

Section: Calf Performancesupporting

confidence: 90%

The role of colostrum for the newborn thermogenesis and feeding strategies for calves raised in low temperatures

Silva¹

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“…The hazards are the same as identified in Section 3.2.8.3, plus poor teat hygiene (Van Metre et al, 2008;Medrano-Galarza et al, 2018) and poor-quality milk replacers (Lall ès et al, 1995;Miqueo et al, 2017).…”

Section: Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare of calves

Nielsen¹,

Álvarez²,

Bicout³

et al. 2023

EFS2

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This Scientific Opinion addresses a European Commission request on the welfare of calves as part of the Farm to Fork strategy. EFSA was asked to provide a description of common husbandry systems and related welfare consequences, as well as measures to prevent or mitigate the hazards leading to them. In addition, recommendations on three specific issues were requested: welfare of calves reared for white veal (space, group housing, requirements of iron and fibre); risk of limited cow-calf contact; and animal-based measures (ABMs) to monitor on-farm welfare in slaughterhouses. The methodology developed by EFSA to address similar requests was followed. Fifteen highly relevant welfare consequences were identified, with respiratory disorders, inability to perform exploratory or foraging behaviour, gastroenteric disorders and group stress being the most frequent across husbandry systems. Recommendations to improve the welfare of calves include increasing space allowance, keeping calves in stable groups from an early age, ensuring good colostrum management and increasing the amounts of milk fed to dairy calves. In addition, calves should be provided with deformable lying surfaces, water via an open surface and long-cut roughage in racks. Regarding specific recommendations for veal systems, calves should be kept in small groups (2-7 animals) within the first week of life, provided with ~20 m 2 /calf and fed on average 1 kg neutral detergent fibre (NDF) per day, preferably using long-cut hay. Recommendations on cow-calf contact include keeping the calf with the dam for a minimum of 1 day post-partum. Longer contact should progressively be implemented, but research is needed to guide this implementation in practice. The ABMs body condition, carcass condemnations, abomasal lesions, lung lesions, carcass colour and bursa swelling may be collected in slaughterhouses to monitor on-farm welfare but should be complemented with behavioural ABMs collected on farm.

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Increase in Crude Protein Content of Milk Replacers with Vegetable Protein: Effect on Health and Dairy Calves' Performance

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

ADSA Foundation Scholar Award: New frontiers in calf and heifer nutrition—From conception to puberty

ADSA Foundation Scholar Award: New frontiers in calf and heifer nutrition—From conception to puberty

The role of colostrum for the newborn thermogenesis and feeding strategies for calves raised in low temperatures

Welfare of calves

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