Incorporation of salivary metabolomics in oral cancer diagnostics

Shankar, Akhil A.; Alex, Sheeba; Routray, Samapika

doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2014.07.013

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Salivaomics, a term used to indicate the various "omics" technologies applicable to saliva 1,2 includes genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, immunomics, microbiomics, and metabolomics. Saliva is a promising medium in molecular diagnostics because of the richness in its molecular composition, which changes in correlation with not only oral disorders 3,4 but also distant pathologies. 5,6 In addition, saliva meets the demand for an inexpensive, noninvasive, and easy-to-use biospecimen.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salivaomics, a term used to indicate the various “omics” technologies applicable to saliva , includes genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, immunomics, microbiomics, and metabolomics. Saliva is a promising medium in molecular diagnostics because of the richness in its molecular composition, which changes in correlation with not only oral disorders , but also distant pathologies. , In addition, saliva meets the demand for an inexpensive, noninvasive, and easy-to-use biospecimen. In particular, the saliva metabolome is easily accessible by the standard metabolomics analytical platforms (MS and NMR), and salivary secretions have revealed specific metabolomics signatures for numerous systemic or remote diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Individual Human Metabolic Phenotype Analyzed by ¹H NMR of Saliva Samples

Wallner-Liebmann

Tenori²,

Mazzoleni

et al. 2016

J. Proteome Res.

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Saliva is an important physiological fluid that contains a complex mixture of analytes that may produce a characteristic individual signature. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that urine possesses a clear signature of the individual metabolic phenotype. Here NMR-based metabolomics was employed to analyze saliva from 23 healthy volunteers. About six saliva samples were collected daily from each individual for 10 consecutive days: 7 days in a real-life situation (days 1-7, Phase I) and 3 days (days 8-10, Phase II) under a standardized diet plus a physical exercise program at day 10. The result is the first demonstration of the existence of an individual metabolic phenotype in saliva. A systematic comparative analysis with urine samples from the same collection scheme demonstrates that the individual phenotype in saliva is slightly weaker than that in urine but less influenced by diet.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual Human Metabolic Phenotype Analyzed by ¹H NMR of Saliva Samples

Wallner-Liebmann

Tenori²,

Mazzoleni

et al. 2016

J. Proteome Res.

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“…Carbonylation signifies oxidative damage to proteins: there is reportedly a substantial increase in salivary carbonyls (246%) in OSCC patients, indicating that their epithelial cells are being exposed to significant free radical attack [ 62 ]. The sensitivity and specificity for carbonyls are 90% and 80%, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sensitivity and specificity for carbonyls are 90% and 80%, respectively. MMP-9 polymorphism has been shown to be strongly associated with increased risk of developing OSCC [ 62 - 64 ]. Shpitzer et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current concepts and future of noninvasive procedures for diagnosing oral squamous cell carcinoma - a systematic review

Omar

2015

Head Face Med

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BackgroundOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has a remarkably high incidence worldwide, and a fairly serious prognosis, encouraging further research into advanced technologies for noninvasive methods of making early diagnoses, ideally in primary care settings.ObjectivesOur purpose was to examine the validity of using advanced noninvasive technologies in diagnosis of OSCC by identifying and evaluating relevant published reports.Data sourceMEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL were searched to identify clinical trials and other information published between 1990 and 10 June 2014; the searches of MEDLINE and EMBASE were updated to November 2014. Study selection: Studies of noninvasive methods of diagnosing OSCC, including oral brush biopsy, optical biopsy, saliva-based oral cancer diagnosis, and others were included.Data extractionData were abstracted and evaluated in duplicate for possible relevance on two occasions at an interval of 2 months before being included or excluded.Data synthesisThis study identified 163 studies of noninvasive methods for diagnosing OSCC that met the inclusion criteria. These included six studies of oral brush biopsy, 42 of saliva-based oral diagnosis, and 115 of optical biopsy. Sixty nine of these studies were assessed by the modified version of the QUADAS instrument. Saliva-based oral cancer diagnosis and optical biopsy were found to be promising noninvasive methods for diagnosing OSCC.LimitationThe strength of evidence was rated low for accuracy outcomes because the studies did not report important details required to assess the risk for bias.ConclusionsIt is clear that screening for and early detection of cancer and pre-cancerous lesions have the potential to reduce the morbidity and mortality of this disease. Advances in technologies for saliva-based oral diagnosis and optical biopsy are promising pathways for the future development of more effective noninvasive methods for diagnosing OSCC that are easy to perform clinically in primary care settings.

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“…The use of transcriptomic techniques, such as quantitative PCR (qPCR), microarray analysis and deep sequencing analysis have permitted the definition of the salivary transcriptome [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], thereby contributing to the foundation of salivary biomarker development. In addition, the salivary microbiome [ 22 ] and metabolome [ 23 , 24 , 25 ] have also been determined and shown a promising potential as disease-related biomarkers for oral and systemic diseases [ 22 ]. The vast amount of “salivaomics” data has led to the development of the the Salivaomics Knowledge Base (SKB) [ 26 ], a data management system and Web resource supporting salivary diagnostics research [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introduction: Saliva As a Liquid Biopsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Coding RNAs in Saliva: Emerging Biomarkers for Molecular Diagnostics

Majem

Rigau

Reventós

et al. 2015

IJMS

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Saliva is a complex body fluid that comprises secretions from the major and minor salivary glands, which are extensively supplied by blood. Therefore, molecules such as proteins, DNA, RNA, etc., present in plasma could be also present in saliva. Many studies have reported that saliva body fluid can be useful for discriminating several oral diseases, but also systemic diseases including cancer. Most of these studies revealed messenger RNA (mRNA) and proteomic biomarker signatures rather than specific non-coding RNA (ncRNA) profiles. NcRNAs are emerging as new regulators of diverse biological functions, playing an important role in oncogenesis and tumor progression. Indeed, the small size of these molecules makes them very stable in different body fluids and not as susceptible as mRNAs to degradation by ribonucleases (RNases). Therefore, the development of a non-invasive salivary test, based on ncRNAs profiles, could have a significant applicability to clinical practice, not only by reducing the cost of the health system, but also by benefitting the patient. Here, we summarize the current status and clinical implications of the ncRNAs present in human saliva as a source of biological information.

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Incorporation of salivary metabolomics in oral cancer diagnostics

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Individual Human Metabolic Phenotype Analyzed by ¹H NMR of Saliva Samples

Individual Human Metabolic Phenotype Analyzed by ¹H NMR of Saliva Samples

Current concepts and future of noninvasive procedures for diagnosing oral squamous cell carcinoma - a systematic review

Non-Coding RNAs in Saliva: Emerging Biomarkers for Molecular Diagnostics

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Incorporation of salivary metabolomics in oral cancer diagnostics

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Individual Human Metabolic Phenotype Analyzed by 1H NMR of Saliva Samples

Individual Human Metabolic Phenotype Analyzed by 1H NMR of Saliva Samples

Current concepts and future of noninvasive procedures for diagnosing oral squamous cell carcinoma - a systematic review

Non-Coding RNAs in Saliva: Emerging Biomarkers for Molecular Diagnostics

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Individual Human Metabolic Phenotype Analyzed by ¹H NMR of Saliva Samples

Individual Human Metabolic Phenotype Analyzed by ¹H NMR of Saliva Samples