The radioactivity of Greek lignites and their ashes was studied. It was found that the radionuclides in them belong to the uranium series. Fly ashes are relatively rich in radioactivity. Concentrations up to 7 , 10 _5 g/g and 12 pCi/g were measured for 238 U and 226 Ra, respectively. The associated hazards from radioactivity escaping from stacks of thermopower plants or when fly ashes are used as subtitutes of cement in concrete are evaluated.