Incorporation of Ni and Mo on delaminated clay by auto-combustion and impregnation for obtaining decane hydroconversion catalysts

Hydroconversion of n-Decane over Ni–Mo Supported on Modified Halloysite Catalysts

“…These signals were clearly observed in the catalyst prepared from halloysite without acid treatment, whereas in the other catalysts, they were not easily detected, which suggests that the acid treatment perhaps leads to a better dispersion of the active phases. The signals at 2θ = 23.05, 27.23, 33.40, and 49.02° correspond to MoO 3 , whereas those at 2θ = 28.96, 32.62, and 33.98° are assigned to NiMoO 4 , according to the literature. , The signal at 2θ = 26.7° of NiMoO 4 , probably overlaps with that of quartz (26.56°). The NiO signals were not observed, which could be associated with a high dispersion of the same on the support , or the low crystallinity of the formed species.…”

“…After that, a stream of hydrogen saturated with n -decane (molar ratio of H 2 / n -decane = 17), with a total flow of 16 mL/min, was passed through the catalyst (weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) = 1.16 h –1 ). The reaction products were monitored as a function of temperature, between 150 and 400 °C, using a gas chromatograph (Shimadzu GC-17 with a ZB-1 column and a flame ionization detector (FID)) connected inline to the reactor …”

“…On the other hand, the supported catalysts with Mo as an active phase, promoted with Ni, have been used for decades in hydroconversion reactions. This type of active phase has advantages over the use of noble metals, because Ni–Mo species are more resistant to poisoning, and they possess good efficiency in the hydrogenation reaction of hydrocarbons. ,,, Considering the above, this work presents the preparation and characterization of five catalysts with equivalent Ni–Mo loads supported on halloysite nanotubes previously treated with HCl or H 2 SO 4 , and their evaluation in the hydroconversion reaction of n -decane. To our knowledge, the Ni–Mo/halloysite system has not been reported in the literature, and this study reveals valuable information on the influence of the support (halloysite nanotubes) in the hydroconversion of the alkane.…”

Renewable Diesel Production from Palm Fatty Acids Distillate (PFAD) via Deoxygenation Reactions

“…X-ray diffraction patterns of catalysts are shown in Figure 2. For the NiZeo catalyst, diffraction peaks at 37.48 • , 43.54 • , and 62.84 • 2θ were attributed to the cubic structure of NiO (ICOD 01-073-1523) [3,30]. In this spectrum it was also observed that the incorporation of nickel did not seem to destroy the structure of zeolitic material [31].…”

“…According to literature reports, the band observed around 1660 cm −1 is attributed to vibrations of the N-H bonds in the NH3 molecule that are coordinatively adsorbed on Lewis acid sites associated with aluminum atoms on the surface. The band at 1430 cm −1 is related to the asymmetric flexion of the N-H bond in the ammonium ion chemisorbed on Brønsted acid sites, indicating the acidic character of the support [30,36,37]. Regarding the effect of temperature, the strength of these acid sites can be analyzed following the change in the area at the different desorption temperatures (Figure 7).…”