Incorporation of dysprosium ions into PbTiO₃ ferroelectric ceramic system

Abstract

A structural analysis concerning the incorporation of dysprosium into A-and/or B-sites of the lead titanate is shown. The two \boundary" refinements are presented, i.e., Dy 2þ substitutes for Pb 2þ (Dy 3þ substitutes for Ti 4þ ) and Dy 3þ substitutes for Pb 2þ (Dy 3þ substitutes for Ti 4þ ). The results offer quantitative information about the incorporation into both crystallographic sites. The increase of Dy 3þ fraction into B-site provides the increase of the Ti 4þ atomic displacement along the [001] direction and the tetragonal distortion.