Incorporation of 35S‐sulfate Into Inorganic and Organic Constituents of Two Forest Soils

Schindler, S. C.; Mitchell, M. J.; Scott, Tony; Fuller, R. D.; Driscoll, Charles T.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1986.03615995005000020041x

Cited by 61 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…These observations recall those published by many authors, especially by Freney et al (1971), Fitzgerald (1976, Stevenson (1982) and Schindler and Mitchell (1987). From results of many studies using labelled sulphur it is now well known that sulphate esters are exclusively generated by soil microbiota (Fitzgerald, 1976), whereas the carbon-bonded sulphur may be either directly microbially synthesized (Freney et al, 1975;Fitzgerald et al, 1982;Maynard et al, 1985;Schindler et al, 1986), or derived from organic sulphur of plant residue (Schindler et al, 1986). As noted by Freney et al (1971), Fitzgerald (1976 and Bettany et al (1979), the transformation of sulphate esters to carbonbonded forms is probable in soils.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Sulphur Immobilizationsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Generally, the total sulphur contents of the horizons of the soil under beech forest are lower than analogous horizons under spruce forest except in the subsoil. The decrease of total sulphur contents with depth except under beech forest could be explained by a more important sulphate microbial immobilization in the A horizons (Fitzgerald et al, 1982;Schindler et al, 1986).…”

Section: Observed Inmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…As noted by Freney et al (1975) and Schindler et al (1986), the lability and the rapid turnover of the sulphate esters would explain why this fraction is especially concerned with the soil sulphur dynamics. In the most acid and organicrich upper parts of soil, the sulphate esters act as a mediating pool which could regulate the sulphate flux in soil solution.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Sulphur Immobilizationmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Distribution of sulphur forms in soils from beech and spruce forests of Mont Loz�re (France)

et al. 1993

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From a quantitative inventory of sulphur forms and sulphur budget, the relation between the distribution of the various sulphur forms and the sulphate fluxes in three soil profiles has been addressed. These profiles are located in two forested watersheds at Mont Loz6re. One has been sampled in a beech forest and the other two in a spruce forest and in a harvested plot of this spruce forest, respectively. The mean annual input-output budgets showed a sulphur immobilization in the soil cover of the three plots. In the preserved spruce forest plot, because of larger dry depositions, the sulphur immobilization is much greater than in other plots and occurs essentially in the B horizons. In the other two profiles, the dominant immobilization occurs in the parent material.The total sulphur content is very high in the forest floor reaching 2065 txg S g-1 in the litter of one of the soils under spruce. In the organo-mineral horizons of soils under spruce, the total sulphur content decreases with depth and ranges from 310 to 520/xg S g-I in the A horizons to 100-200/xg S g ~ in the parent material. In the profile under beech, the total sulphur content is lower except in the parent material. In all cases, the organic sulphur is the major part of sulphur often representing more than 90% of total sulphur. In organo-mineral soil horizons of the spruce forest, the part of the sulphateesters is more important than in the soil of the beech forest, probably related to the different nature of the microbial activity in the spruce forest. In contrast, the humification processes are more efficient in the soil under beech, which can be due to the greater input of organic sulphur by litterfall. It appears that the dominant organic sulphur form varies as a function of microbial ecology and sulphate flux. The maximum of the inorganic sulphate is located at the base of the B horizons in the soil of the spruce forest and in the parent material of the soil under beech. In these horizons, the high content of inorganic sulphate can be related to the higher amounts of amorphous Fe and AI phases.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Sulphur Immobilizationsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Observed Inmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Mechanisms Of Sulphur Immobilizationmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Distribution of sulphur forms in soils from beech and spruce forests of Mont Loz�re (France)

et al. 1993

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“…These findings parallel those reported for hypereutrophic Wintergreen Lake where particulate organic S deposition was identified as a major pathway of sediment S accumulation (King & Klug, 1982). It has also been demonstrated with work on organic S transformations in soils that ester sulfates are formed more rapidly than Cbonded S forms (Fitzgerald et al, 1982Schindler et al, 1986). Apparently, as S diagenesis proceeds within the sediment environment, reduction of ester sulfate to other organic and perhaps inorganic compounds continues, albeit at a slower rate.…”

Section: Sulfur Budget For South Lake and Is Relationship To Alkalinimentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of 35SO42− into sediments of three New York lakes

Landers

Mitchell

1988

Hydrobiologia

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Intact sediment cores were obtained from three New York lakes in May, July, and October 1981. Radioactive S (as 3 5 SO2) was added to the overlying water and cores were incubated without atmospheric exchange for one week near lake bottom temperatures. Headspace flux of 02 as an index of sediment respiration rates varied among lakes and seasonally within lakes. Acidic South Lake had the lowest respiration rate at all seasons and also the smallest net incorporation of the 35 SO2 . Summer net isotope transformation into ester sulfate and non-HI reducible S (pyrite and C-bonded S) constituents was 88.6%, 89.4%, and 59.7% of total sediment isotope for Oneida, Deer, and South, respectively. Seasonal variation of net isotope incorporation was observed in each lake as were differences in 35SO2-partitioning into major S pools. Of the S constituents analyzed, HCl digestible S (volatile sulfides) was the smallest pool, while ester sulfate and non-HI reducible S together accounted for greater than 50%6 of S isotope transformation in all lakes. In addition, ester sulfate is the major product of dissolved SO2-transformation and its formation results in less alkalinity generation than the formation of non-HI reducible S constituents. Thus ester sulfate transformation processes must be considered in calculating alkalinity generation by lake sediments.

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“…Generally, organic S, as carbon-bonded S and ester sulfate, predominates in most soil types, even in mineral horizons (Watwood et al 1986;Mitchell et al 1986;Schindler et al 1986). Notable exceptions are soils showing a large adsorption potential, and which are receiving high SO 4 loads; in these soils, S0 4 -S represents a relatively large percentage of total S (Johnson 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur speciation and distribution in soils and aboveground biomass of a boreal coniferous forest

Houle

Carignan

1992

Biogeochemistry

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Abstract. Major sulfur pools are quantified in soils and aboveground biomass of a coniferous boreal forest. Total ecosystem S averages 1395 kg-ha-' of which 98% is found in the soil, with 89% being in the mineral horizons. Organic S dominates in soil, tree parts (trunks, branches + foliage, roots) and litterfall, ranging from 77 to 99% of total S concentration. Carbon-bonded S, ester sulfate and S0 4 -S in soil profiles range respectively from 51-68%, 29-37% and 1-14% of total S concentrations and account respectively for 57, 33 and 10% of total S on an areal basis. Adsorbed SO 4 accounts for 82% of total SO 4 , and can be predicted from Al bound to organic matter, amorphous Al and pH (r 2 = 0.81). There is a strong relationship between % carbon and carbon-bonded S in 4 of the 5 soil horizons studied which represent over 95% of the total soil organic matter, whereas ester sulfate is related to % carbon in 3 soil horizons representing only 37% of the soil organic matter. An analysis of atmospheric S loading and S data for 10 forested sites in Europe and North America suggests that the size of the organic S pool in forested systems is independent of atmospheric loading.

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Incorporation of 35S‐sulfate Into Inorganic and Organic Constituents of Two Forest Soils

Cited by 61 publications

References 0 publications

Distribution of sulphur forms in soils from beech and spruce forests of Mont Loz�re (France)

Distribution of sulphur forms in soils from beech and spruce forests of Mont Loz�re (France)

Incorporation of 35SO42− into sediments of three New York lakes

Sulfur speciation and distribution in soils and aboveground biomass of a boreal coniferous forest

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