Incorporating assessment and prescribing for ambulatory ailments skills into practice: An environmental scan of continuing education for pharmacist prescribing in Canada

Habicht, Dana; Ng, Sheila; Dunford, Drena; Shearer, Brenna; Kuo, I fan

doi:10.1177/1715163517723352

Cited by 9 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…A number of regions across Canada 38 and the United Kingdom 39 authorize pharmacists to issue prescriptions for minor (also referred to as “common”) ailments. Minor ailments have been defined as “common or self-limiting or uncomplicated [conditions] that may be diagnosed and managed without medical intervention”.…”

Section: Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacy travel health services: current perspectives and future prospects

Houle

2018

IPRP

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Rates of international travel are increasing annually, with particular growth observed in travel to Southeast Asia and to emerging economies. While all patients traveling across geographic regions are recommended to receive a pre-travel consultation to consider their individual risks, many do not, or receive care and recommendations that are not consistent with current evidence-based guidelines. As experts in drug therapy, and given the largely preventive nature of most travel health recommendations, pharmacists are well suited to help address this need. Pharmacists generally possess a high degree of knowledge and confidence with more commonly observed travel health topics in community practice such as travelers’ diarrhea; however, training in more specialized travel health topics such as travel vaccinations and traveling at altitude has generally been lacking from pharmacy curricula. Pharmacists with an interest in providing pre-travel consultations are encouraged to pursue additional training in this specialty and to consider Certificate in Travel Health designation from the International Society of Travel Medicine. Future roles for pharmacists to include the prescribing of medications and vaccines for travel and the in-pharmacy administration of travel vaccinations may improve patient access to pre-travel consultations and recommended preventive measures, improving the health of travelers and potentially reducing the burden of communicable disease worldwide. Pharmacists providing travel care to patients are also reminded to consider noninfectious risks of illness and injury abroad and to counsel patients on strategies to minimize these risks in addition to providing drug and vaccine recommendations.

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Section: Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacy travel health services: current perspectives and future prospects

Houle

2018

IPRP

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“…Pharmacy practices have expanded in some regions of Canada to include the authority to prescribe medications for a variety of conditions [ 1 ]. Legislation and regulation governing the scope of pharmacy practices are a provincial/territorial jurisdiction in Canada and, therefore, varies substantially across the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Across Canada there is variation in publicly funded and third party health insurance benefits to compensate for pharmacist initiated assessment and prescribing services [ 3 ]. While pharmacists in Manitoba have one of the most comprehensive scopes of practice, they have one of the most limited compensation models along with one of the most detailed training requirements [ 1 , 4 ]. Compensation frameworks may play a pivotal role in pharmacist decision-making regarding the application of these services into practice especially in Manitoba where a publicly funded framework for services has not kept pace with the rest of Canada [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, communication and counseling skills are stated as important components for reducing practice barriers and ensuring confidence above and beyond continuing education programs [ 6 , 12 ]. Pharmacist prescribing education programs vary widely across the country, which may affect the consistency of application within the profession [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Training Needs of Manitoba Pharmacists to Increase Application of Assessment and Prescribing for Minor Ailments into Practice: A Qualitative and Quantitative Survey

Shearer

Dunford

et al. 2018

Pharmacy

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Current literature demonstrates the positive impact of pharmacists prescribing medication on patient outcomes and pharmacist perceptions of the practice. The aim of this study was to understand the factors affecting prescribing practices among Manitoba pharmacists and identify whether additional training methods would be beneficial for a practice behavior change. A web-based survey was developed and participation was solicited from pharmacists in Manitoba. Descriptive statistics were calculated to summarize the frequency of demographic characteristics. Chi-square tests were used to explore possible correlations between variables of interest and thematic analysis of qualitative data was completed. A total of 162 participants completed the survey. The response rate was 12.3%. Of those who had met the requirements to prescribe, none were doing so on a daily basis and 23.5% had not assessed or prescribed since being certified. Respondents identified the top barriers for providing this service as a lack of sufficient revenue and a lack of time. Qualitative analysis of responses identified additional barriers including a limiting scope and inadequate tools. Approximately half (54.4%) of respondents expressed that additional training would be of value. The themes identified from the survey data suggest that practice-based education would help pharmacists apply skills. In addition, expansion of prescribing authority and strategies addressing remuneration issues may help overcome barriers to pharmacists prescribing within Manitoba.

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“…28,31 An environmental scan of Canadian provinces reported the status of pharmacist remuneration for each province, which was variable. 10 Analysis of the included studies resulted in the identification of several broad themes, most commonly effectiveness (n = 10) [18][19][20][21][23][24][25][27][28][29] and patient experience (n = 8). [18][19][20][21]23,25,27,28 Other themes were implementation and adoption (n = 4), 10,24,25,28 antimicrobial prescribing rate or utilization (n = 4) 18,26,28,29 and cost savings (n = 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community pharmacist prescribing of antimicrobials: A systematic review from an antimicrobial stewardship perspective

Khalid

Langford

et al. 2021

Can Pharm J

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Background: Pharmacist prescribing authority is expanding, while antimicrobial resistance is an increasing global concern. We sought to synthesize the evidence for antimicrobial prescribing by community pharmacists to identify opportunities to advance antimicrobial stewardship in this setting. Methods: We conducted a systematic review to characterize the existing literature on community pharmacist prescribing of systemic antimicrobials. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts for English-language articles published between 1999 and June 20, 2019, as well as hand-searched reference lists of included articles and incorporated expert suggestions. Results: Of 3793 articles identified, 14 met inclusion criteria. Pharmacists are most often prescribing for uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI), acute pharyngitis and cold sores using independent and supplementary prescribing models. This was associated with high rates of clinical improvement (4 studies), low rates of retreatment and adverse effects (3 studies) and decreased health care utilization (7 studies). Patients were highly satisfied (8 studies) and accessed care sooner or more easily (7 studies). Seven studies incorporated antimicrobial stewardship into study design, and there was overlap between study outcomes and those relevant to outpatient antimicrobial stewardship. Pharmacist intervention reduced unnecessary prescribing for acute pharyngitis (2 studies) and increased the appropriateness of prescribing for UTI (3 studies). Conclusion: There is growing evidence to support the role of community pharmacists in antimicrobial prescribing. Future research should explore additional opportunities for pharmacist antimicrobial prescribing and ways to further integrate advanced antimicrobial stewardship strategies in the community setting. Can Pharm J (Ott) 2021;154:xx-xx.

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Incorporating assessment and prescribing for ambulatory ailments skills into practice: An environmental scan of continuing education for pharmacist prescribing in Canada

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Pharmacy travel health services: current perspectives and future prospects

Pharmacy travel health services: current perspectives and future prospects

Training Needs of Manitoba Pharmacists to Increase Application of Assessment and Prescribing for Minor Ailments into Practice: A Qualitative and Quantitative Survey

Community pharmacist prescribing of antimicrobials: A systematic review from an antimicrobial stewardship perspective

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