Incorporating anthropometry into design of ear-related products

Liu, Bor-Shong

doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2006.12.005

Cited by 63 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In another study on an Indian male population, the length and width of the earlobe were larger on the left side in 21-40 years age group (Sharma et al, 2007). Auricle length was larger at the left side in a Taiwanese population (Liu, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were fine and detailed studies on morphometry of the auricle (Farkas et al;Ferrario et al, 1999;Brucker et al;Kalcioglu et al;Barut & Aktunc, 2006;Bozkir et al;Purkait & Singh, 2007) but studies investigating the asymmetry of auricle were very rare (Jung & Jung, 2003;Liu, 2008) and to our best knowledge there was only one study investigating the relation of auricle asymmetry and hand preference (Jung & Jung). The aims of this study were to determine various morphometric measurements of right and left auricles, to investigate asymmetry and its relation with handedness in both sexes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Asymmetry, Handedness and Auricle Morphometry

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY:The aims of this study were to determine various morphometric measurements of auricle, to investigate asymmetry and its relation with handedness in both sexes. Main morphometric measurements of both auricles and hand preferences were determined on 200 male and 200 female healthy university students. All measurements of the auricles were larger in males than the corresponding ones in females and all the differences except earlobe widths were statistically significant. All measurements of left and right auricles were statistically significantly different in both sexes except earlobe length in males, and distance from the highest point of the auricle to the bottom of the intertragic notch and earlobe length in females. Auricle length and distance from the highest point of the auricle to the bottom of the intertragic notch had higher values at the left side and all other measurements were larger at the right side. There was no significant difference between the measurements of the corresponding auricles of the righthanded and lefthanded subjects. All measurements were larger at the right side except auricle length and distance from the highest point of the auricle to the bottom of the intertragic notch in righthanded and lefthanded subjects and all differences except earlobe length were significantly different in righthanded subjects as in the total population but in lefthanded subjects the difference of the auricle width was not significant, either. There was an apparent asymmetry of right and left auricles of normal people in the current study which should be taken in to consideration in plastic surgeries of the external ear, designing the ear devices and forensic applications of earprints.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetry, Handedness and Auricle Morphometry

et al. 2015

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“…The ear length of a normal adult is ranging from 55.0 mm to 65.0 mm while the ear width is ranging from 50% to 60% of its length (Jung & Jung 2003;Kalcioglu., et al 2003) [3,4]. However, the increase in ear dimension at different progressing of age periods is basically due to growth, gravitational effects and diminutive tensile strength of connective tissue (Liu 2008) [5]. Although this might affect the chance of finding a print in a database after a long period of time, it is unlikely to make the ears less unique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Preliminary Study on Earprint Identification among Young Adults in Malaysia

Lai¹,

Osman²,

Ismail³

2017

Journal of Forensic Science & Criminology

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The objective of this study was to study ear biometric for identification purpose among young adults in Malaysia. A total of 148 subjects (74 males and 74 females) ranging in age from 18 to 25 years were taken from Campus Kuala Lumpur of National University of Malaysia (UKMKKL). A total of twelve biometrics based on Iannarelli's method as well as ear length and ear width were used as measurements. Statistical analysis indicated that left and right ears had no significant difference (p > 0.05). Gender difference was found to be highly significant for nine out of fourteen ear biometrics (p < 0.05). However, there were only five out of fourteen ear biometrics had significant difference between Chinese and Malays (p < 0.05). Statistical analysis had also indicated that differences among ages for each ear biometrics were insignificant and no clear correlation between ear biometrics and ages was obtained (p > 0.05). Formulae for gender and race estimation were obtained by using Classification and Regression (C & R) Tree. Formulae of ear length had the highest accuracy (78.7%) for gender estimation.

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“…It is wellestablished fact that a detailed knowledge of the morphologic dimensions, location and asymmetry of normal auricle is essential for the diagnosis of congenital abnormalities and syndromes, forensic investigations and for the ergonomic design of hearing aids (Coward et al, 2000;Purkait & Singh, 2007;Tatlisumak et al, 2015). Therefore, a large number of anthropometric studies of normal auricle have been assessed in various populations, for instance, Koreans (Jung & Jung, 2003;Kang et al, 2006), Sudanese Arabs (Ahmed & Omer), Chinese (Liu, 2008;Wang et al, 2011) Indians (Purkait & Singh;Sharma et al, 2007;Purkait, 2013), Italians (GualdiRusso, 1998;Ferrario et al, 1999;Sforza et al, 2009), Britons (Coward et al; Alexander et al), Turks (Bozkir et al, 2006;Barut & Aktunc, 2006), Americans (Brucker et al, 2003), Germans (Niemitz et al, 2007), and Japanese (Asai et al, 1996). The shape, dimension and orientation of each auricle is as individual as a fingerprint (Murgod et al, 2013), but it is possible to make some generalisations from the studies mentioned above.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Morphometric Study of Auricular Concha in the Population of Young Chinese Adults

Zhu

et al. 2017

Int. J. Morphol.

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SUMMARY:A detailed data of concha is currently not available. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine twelve morphometric measurements of concha, to investigate its sexual dimorphism and bilateral asymmetry, and to establish basic shapes of concha for both sexes and sides. The study sample comprised of 310 young Chinese aged 18-28 years. 141 left and 141 right ear impressions for females, 169 left and 169 right ear impressions for males were collected and scanned. The 3D coordinates of seven landmarks on each auricular concha were obtained using 3D scanning technology and curvature theory. From the landmarks, twelve morphometric measurements of concha were calculated and analyzed. The conchal morphometry exist significantly sexual dimorphism in this study sample. On average, all measurements were larger in males than in females regardless of the sides. There was significantly bilateral asymmetry among left and right conchae in both sexes. Some measurements were larger in the right sides and some measurements were larger in the left sides, but the bilateral difference in both measurements found to be less than 1mm. Additionally, the basic shapes of concha for both sexes and sides were established on the basis of the mean 3D coordinates of each landmark and the mean value of each measurement. The anthropometric method of this study could overcome the difficulty in locating landmarks of auricle complex structures, and attain a higher level of accuracy in the procedure of measurement. The quantitative description of conchal morphometry will be beneficial for plastic surgeons, and for the ergonomic design of hearing aids.

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Incorporating anthropometry into design of ear-related products

Cited by 63 publications

References 16 publications

Asymmetry, Handedness and Auricle Morphometry

Asymmetry, Handedness and Auricle Morphometry

A Preliminary Study on Earprint Identification among Young Adults in Malaysia

A Morphometric Study of Auricular Concha in the Population of Young Chinese Adults

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