“…Researchers have investigated the tools for objective assessment of ICT infrastructure and adoption: Moore and Benbasat (1991) [17], Edberg (1997) [18], Cragg (2002) [19], Griffiths and McCord (2002) [20], Caldeira and Ward (2003) [21], Bayo-Moriones et al (2005) [22], Kauffman and Kumar 2005 [23], El-Mashaleh 2007 [24], Ma et al, 2008 [25], Hanafizadeh et al, 2009 [26], Howard et al, 2009 [27], Malisuwan et al, 2015 [28], Afshar Ali et al, 2020 [29]) and its influence on organisation (Yang et al, 2007 [30], Cudanov et al, 2010 [31], Cudanov and Jasko 2012 [32], Miyazaki et al, 2012 [33]). A necessary but not sufficient precondition for developing ICT is its adoption and usage.…”