Incomplete punctal canalisation: the external and internal punctal membranes. Outcomes of membranotomy and adjunctive procedures

Abstract

This study presents the largest series to date (n=55 puncta) exclusively on punctal dysgenesis with membranes and, for the first time, has shown the clinicopathological correlation of these membranes. Incomplete punctal canalisation is probably a better term and this study could be the starting point for further exploration into the etiopathogenesis and genetics of this intriguing congenital disorder.

Pattern and outcome of surgical management of nasolachrymal duct obstruction in children: A five year review

“…In a series of 22 patients with mean age of 82.4 months, membranectomy restored anatomical patency in 100% and relief of symptoms in 91%. [6] In our study, trauma was the second cause of NLDO. In a study of 14 children with nasoorbitoethmoidal fracture mostly from trauma due to road traffic accident, external DCR with intubation and mitomycin C was found to be effect in those who had delayed surgery.…”

Incomplete punctal canalization -a balloon variant of the external membrane: a case report

“…Our patient underwent membranotomy with a gradual tapered Nettleship’s punctum dilator (Figure 1c) as described earlier [7]. Following membranotomy, the punctum was well seen with a good opening (Figure 1d).…”

“…The term incomplete punctal canalization (IPC) was first introduced by Ali et al [7]. They described the largest series of IPC and classified it into an external membrane variety (IPC-EM) and one with an internal membrane (IPC-IM) [7].…”

“…The term incomplete punctal canalization (IPC) was first introduced by Ali et al [7]. They described the largest series of IPC and classified it into an external membrane variety (IPC-EM) and one with an internal membrane (IPC-IM) [7]. We report the clinical and diagnostic profile and management of a balloon variant of the external membrane along with the clincopathological correlation and propose that this variant be included in the subclassification of IPC-EM.…”

Principles and Practice of Lacrimal Surgery

“…The present era is also seeing many attempts to standardize the nomenclatures [19], drug dosage [20], introduction of newer terminologies [21] and paradigm shifts in the understanding of lacrimal anatomy [22,23]. The armamentarium of a lacrimal surgeon today is more well equipped than any other time and this very fact brings in more responsibility on us than any other time, to take this forward in every possible way into the future!…”