Incommensurate Structure and Phase Transitions in Epitaxial Multiferroic Films

Electric field control of magnetic states in ferromagnetic–multiferroic nanostructures

“…The ground magnetic state in the MF film determined by AFM vector L depends on the type of the strain (compressive or tensile), and the corresponding phase diagrams can be found in ref. 30 and 31 Experiments on the BiFeO 3 films grown on different substrates 32 confirm the dependence of the magnetic ordering in BiFeO 3 films on the strain effects related to the lattice mismatch between the MF film and the orienting substrate; for example (LaAlO 3 ) 0.3 (Sr 2 AlTaO 6 ) 0.7 and SrTiO 3 are the compressive substrates while NdScO 3 is the tensile substrate. 32 Similar effects are realized due to the electrostriction induced by the E-field.…”

Modulated minerals as potential ferroic materials

“…A typical example is the Ruddlesden-Popper phase [34] or tungstate phases [35]. Modulated and incommensurate phases are already commonly encountered in multiferroic materials [36][37][38][39][40] either experimentally or in model considerations. Each structure gradient can cause ferroic behaviour inside the domain wall.…”