Income redistribution and self-selection of immigrants

Abstract

We analyze the effects of governmental redistribution of income on migration patterns, using an Italian administrative dataset that includes information on almost every Italian citizen living abroad. Since Italy takes a middle ground in terms of redistribution, both the welfare-magnet effect from more redistributive countries and the propensity of the high-skilled to settle in countries with lower taxes can be empirically studied. Our findings confirm the hypothesis that destination countries with more redistribution receive a negative selection of Italian migrants. This holds true after accounting for many individual and country level covariates, migration costs, and when testing for stochastic dominance of the skill distributions of migrants and stayers. Policy simulations are run in order to gauge the magnitude of these migration effects. Based on estimated elasticities, we find that sizable increases in the amount of redistribution in Italy have small effects on the skill composition of the resident population.

Unveiling the Missing Link: Women in Stem Leadership – A Comprehensive Review

“…Research consistently affirms that women face lower pay and unequal access to the labor market, especially since the 1960s when more women entered the workforce (Bapuji et al, 2020;Hazel & Kleyman, 2020). Commonly cited reasons for this disparity include differences in education, experience, and self-selection (Corneo & Neidhöfer, 2021;Vietze et al, 2022).…”