Inclusivity in stereoscopic XR: Human vision first

Pladere, Tatjana; Svarverud, Ellen; Krumina, Gunta; Gilson, Stuart J.; Baraas, Rigmor C.

doi:10.3389/frvir.2022.1006021

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…As the applications of VR gain popularity in many different areas of life, it is important to move forward from the onesize-fits-all solution to the technologies with customized adjustments of hardware and software that are required to increase user inclusivity 13 . We conducted a study aiming to explore the impact of IPD mismatch that resulted from the distance between the optical systems in the headset being larger than the distance between the user's eyes on the changes of visual parameters after the VR gameplay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, automatic adjustments of distances based on the analysis of user's eye movements are being developed 15,16 which might become a promising solution allowing to avoid inaccuracies in the IPD assessment and set different distances for the left and right eye. To make the most out of VR technologies, the devices should meet the individual needs 2,13 which includes accurate matching of the distance between the optical systems of the headset with the distance between the user's eyes. Currently, while the novel products with automatic adjustments are still on their way to market, the community should be educated about the importance of adjusting this parameter by themselves to lower the demands on the visual system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of interpupillary distance mismatch on visual aftereffects of virtual reality gameplay

Livitcuka

Alksnis

Pladere

2023

Optical Architectures for Displays and Sensing in Augmented, Virtual, and Mixed Reality (AR, VR, MR) IV

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In stereoscopic extended reality headsets, the distance between optical systems composed of a pair of displays and lenses can be fixed or adjustable. A mismatch between interpupillary distance (IPD) and the distance between optical systems may cause user discomfort and distortions in spatial perception. Nevertheless, little is known about its potential effect on vergence and accommodation. In the study, we explored how visual parameters changed after using the virtual reality headset with a fixed distance between optical systems using routine eye examination tests. Sixty-two subjects (18-33 years of age) were divided into two groups based on the IPD mismatch: 0-5 mm (n = 29) and 6-10 mm (n = 33). Their visual parameters including near point of convergence, amplitude of accommodation, binocular accommodative facility, near horizontal phoria, and fusional reserves were assessed before and after playing 30 minutes of the virtual reality mini-golf game. The data showed considerable changes in the amplitude of accommodation and near point of convergence after the use of virtual reality. Moreover, the prevalence of adverse changes in accommodation and vergence was higher when IPD was mismatched by 6-10 mm compared with the smaller off-alignment. Overall, the findings suggest that the distance between the optical systems in the headsets should be adjustable and matched with the distance between the user's eyes to lower the demands on the visual system. Moreover, the contribution of IPD mismatch needs to be considered in the user studies investigating the impact of stereoscopic extended reality on the visual system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of interpupillary distance mismatch on visual aftereffects of virtual reality gameplay

Livitcuka

Alksnis

Pladere

2023

Optical Architectures for Displays and Sensing in Augmented, Virtual, and Mixed Reality (AR, VR, MR) IV

Self Cite

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“…Although VR technology is becoming increasingly prevalent as a health and education tool, discussions surrounding the accessibility and inclusivity of VR technology is comparatively slower. While suggestions for accessibility improvement have included diversifying user input (e.g., eye gaze motion dictation) and reducing heavy hardware components (Mott et al, 2019), a greater understanding about the sensory suitability and limitations is required (Hibbard, van Dam and Scarfe, 2020;Pladere, Svarverud, Krumina, Gilson and Baraas, 2022).…”

Section: Immersive-360° Theatre: Accessibility and Usabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

sychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts Immersive-360° theatre: user experience in the virtual auditorium and platform efficacy for current and underserved audiences

Webb¹,

Hibbard²,

Dawson³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The present study explores the efficacy and social potential of immersive-360° theatre– live captured theatre performances filmed for virtual reality viewing - as a remoteplatform for audiences to view theatre. We obtained survey and structured interviewresponses from 166 and 30 participants, respectively, self-categorised as regulartheatregoers, novices, and underserved audiences. We measured immersion,presence, and emotional arousal in the virtual auditorium, technology acceptance, andsocial perceptions including its compatibility with traditional theatre and use as a social,wellbeing, and accessibility tool. Findings show that in the immersive-360° theatreauditorium ratings for presence and immersion are mixed, and the latter is likely to beinfluenced by external factors including hardware quality and environmental distractors.For most, immersive-360° theatre is regarded as a positive tool for wellbeing andaccessibility, but many highlighted the absence of social aspects which are central tothe traditional theatre experience and cannot be replicated in such remote conditions.Despite this, the experience was enjoyable for most participants, and crucially, amajority of participants do not perceive immersive-360° theatre as a “threat” to itstraditional counterpart. Rather, with certain improvements it is seen as a compatibleand complementary offering that has potential for use as a digital offering forunderserved audiences and recruiting new patrons. Suggestions for improving thequality of the VR theatre experience and its potential as an accessibility tool includedimproving headset quality and resolution, additional accessibility and user controls, andimportantly the ability to share the experience with another in real-time.

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“…To ensure that individuals will be able to use augmented and virtual reality technologies, there is a need to study human factors and develop technologies that will meet individual needs. As the user experience and performance rely on the adequate work of the human visual system 1,2 , special attention should be given to the possible changes in visual parameters associated with the use of near-eye displays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the visual parameters do not change in some subjects. Thus, analyzing and reporting the groups' average results can mask variations in visual responses and conceal the true prevalence of oculomotor changes after using near-eye displays 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of oculomotor changes following the near work in stereoscopic augmented reality

Zizlane

Alksnis

Pladere

2023

Advances in Display Technologies XIII

Self Cite

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Extended reality human factors studies commonly utilize an approach in which group behavior is reported. This possibly masks the true prevalence of oculomotor changes that appear in response to stereoscopic augmented reality. Thus, the study aimed to elucidate the prevalence, direction, and magnitude of oculomotor changes after the near work in stereoscopic augmented reality. The task of fifty-three subjects (18-28 years old, normal visual acuity, no vision complaints) was to type the text displayed at 60 cm as accurately and quickly as possible. Each subject participated in two sessions – the text was displayed in stereoscopic augmented reality and on the computer screen. Clinical assessments of visual parameters were performed before and immediately after 30 minutes of the task. As a result, individual variations were found in the magnitude and direction of oculomotor changes after the near work. After the use of stereoscopic augmented reality, adverse changes in vergence and accommodation were observed in about 40% of the group. Despite the prevalence of adverse oculomotor changes being similar in the case of text displayed on the computer screen, only less than 20% of the group showed a decline of visual parameters in both viewing conditions. The exploratory study highlights the necessity to consider individual variations in visual responses and identify groups that might benefit or be disadvantaged in using stereoscopic augmented reality technologies.

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Inclusivity in stereoscopic XR: Human vision first

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Impact of interpupillary distance mismatch on visual aftereffects of virtual reality gameplay

Impact of interpupillary distance mismatch on visual aftereffects of virtual reality gameplay

sychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts Immersive-360° theatre: user experience in the virtual auditorium and platform efficacy for current and underserved audiences

Prevalence of oculomotor changes following the near work in stereoscopic augmented reality

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