Inclusive-exclusive as person vs. number categories worldwide

Bickel, Balthasar; Nichols, J.; Filimonova, Elena

doi:10.1075/tsl.63.05bic

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Such a sample, again coded for double vs. simple negation, 6 is available in AUTOTYP (the 'GEN1' sample, as used in, e.g., Bickel & Nichols 2005c). The results are shown in Table 5.…”

Section: An Examplementioning

confidence: 80%

“…One such theory is the Eurasian areality theory, first proposed by Jakobson (1931) and explored in ongoing work by Bickel and Nichols (e.g. Bickel & Nichols 2003, 2005a, 2005b, 2005cNichols & Bickel 2005). The Eurasian area combines all of the large spread zones (in Nichols' 1992 sense) in the north, south and southeast of Eurasia and is characterized by a relatively 'flat' typological profile that contrasts with the rich structural diversity of Africa, the Americas, the Pacific, and 'enclave' regions in the Caucasus and the Himalayas.…”

Section: An Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Eurasian area combines all of the large spread zones (in Nichols' 1992 sense) in the north, south and southeast of Eurasia and is characterized by a relatively 'flat' typological profile that contrasts with the rich structural diversity of Africa, the Americas, the Pacific, and 'enclave' regions in the Caucasus and the Himalayas. For the geographical definition and the proposed genesis of the Eurasian area, see Bickel & Nichols (2003, 2005c). Dryer's (2005) WALS data on negation markers suggests that one specific type, double negation, follows this pattern, too: both the visual impression (Map 1) and the raw numbers (Table 2) from the atlas suggest an extremely depressed proportion of double-negation languages in Eurasia that contrasts with the rest of the world.…”

Section: An Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

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A refined sampling procedure for genealogical control

Bickel

2008

Language Typology and Universals

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A refined sampling procedure for genealogical controlTypological distributions are the combined result of universal structural principles, areal diffusion, and shared descent. The core concern of quantitative typology is to disentangle and to identify these various factors. While areal and structural factors can be tested against each other in standard multivariate designs based on sample stratification, genealogical factors cannot be handled by sample stratification since about one third of all proven families (the strata needed) are isolates, i.e. count only one member. In response, typologists have since long sought to control for genealogical relations during sampling rather than during statistical testing. But available methods suffer from a number of drawbacks. Most importantly, they are not sensitive to the fact that different typological variable have different degrees of stability (genealogical dependence) within families, and that this again varies from family to family. This article proposes a refined method for genealogical control during sampling, which is based on DRYER's (1989) proposals but is sensitive to actual distributions within genealogical units at each taxonomic level.

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“…Such a sample, again coded for double vs. simple negation, 6 is available in AUTOTYP (the 'GEN1' sample, as used in, e.g., Bickel & Nichols 2005c). The results are shown in Table 5.…”

Section: An Examplementioning

confidence: 80%

Section: An Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: An Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

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A refined sampling procedure for genealogical control

Bickel

2008

Language Typology and Universals

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“…meet him'). Note that, as in other Kiranti languages, first person is sometimes expressed as the singular of exclusives (Bickel 1995, Bickel & Nichols 2005b: this is, for example, the reason why the 3 Ͼ 1SG forms contain the exclusive suffix -√ from position 9, and why -≈ã (position 3) marks in some contexts first person singulars, while in 1 Ͼ 2 forms, the same suffix is generalized for all first person exclusive actors.…”

Section: The Inflectional Morphology Of Chintang Verbs the Chintang mentioning

confidence: 96%

Free Prefix Ordering in Chintang

Bickel¹,

Banjade²,

Gaenszle³

et al. 2007

lan

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This article demonstrates prefix permutability in Chintang (Sino-Tibetan, Nepal) that is not constrained by any semantic or morphosyntactic structure, or by any dialect, sociolect, or idiolect choice—a phenomenon ruled out by standard assumptions about grammatical words. The prefixes are fully fledged parts of grammatical words and are different from clitics on a large number of standard criteria. The analysis of phonological word domains suggests that prefix permutability is a side-effect of prosodic subcategorization: prefixes occur in variable orders because each prefix and each stem element project a phonological word of their own, and each such word can host a prefix, at any position

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“…In the Kiranti group, there is the marking of distinction that can reconstruct Kiranti to the proto level and this is indicated in the person-marking system. Bickel and Nichols (2005) investigated inclusive-exclusive as person vs. number categories worldwide. They utilized a balanced sample of 293 languages and suggested a new classification of kinds of inclusive-exclusive oppositions.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exclusive and Inclusive Uses of Persian First Person Plural: Science vs. Art

Dehcheshmeh¹

2013

IJL

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The present study has been designed to investigate the exclusive and inclusive uses of deixis 'ma' in artistic and scientific texts. It intends to indicate the communicative role of this pronoun, i.e., the way in which it is applied by authors to communicate with their readers. The analysis is based on qualitative and quantitative perspectives by using a Persian monolingual corpus. In the present study, 35 random scientific texts and 35 random artistic texts were chosen for the analysis. In this corpus, all first person plural pronouns were analyzed based on the functions they perform in their contexts. The results show that exclusive and inclusive 'ma' is used more frequently in scientific texts than in artistic texts inasmuch as there is neither inclusive nor exclusive 'ma' in artistic texts. This indicates authors' power to communicate with their readers strongly in scientific texts.

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Inclusive-exclusive as person vs. number categories worldwide

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

A refined sampling procedure for genealogical control

A refined sampling procedure for genealogical control

Free Prefix Ordering in Chintang

Exclusive and Inclusive Uses of Persian First Person Plural: Science vs. Art

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