“…Descriptive studies may allow us to understand to what extent evidence-based practices are actually implemented by professionals in naturalistic contexts ( Brantlinger et al, 2005 ). In this study we focused on special education classrooms for students with intellectual disability, since in many European and North-American countries, the majority of students with moderate and severe intellectual disability are schooled in this setting despite recommendations and policies in favor of inclusive education ( Flatman Watson, 2009 ; Göransson et al, 2011 ; Jahnukainen, 2015 ; Kleinert et al, 2015 ; Kurth et al, 2014 ; Miškolci, 2016 ; Pijl, 2016 ; Sermier Dessemontet et al., 2012 ; Starczewska et al, 2012 ).…”