Inclusion of Unicode Standard seamless characters to expand Arabic text steganography for secure individual uses

Alanazi, Norah; Khan, Esam; Gutub, Adnan

doi:10.1016/j.jksuci.2020.04.011

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The merger of counting-based secret sharing and kashida that was recently presented by the authors of [113] hides the secret sharing bits within Arabic text using kashida. Recently, Medium Mathematical Spaces (MSPs), ZWJ, JWJN and kashida were united [114] to protect the secret bits. The study hid one secret bit by changing format or including one whitespace or kashida.…”

Section: Hybrid Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stego file size increases by inserting kashida. [114] Multi types of whitespace are combined with kashida.…”

Section: Authorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Text steganography methods can improve the embedding capacity by increasing the embeddable/usable cover characters (embeddable positions) [56,118], bits per location [115], and compression techniques [43], as well as merging more than one text feature [114]. The embeddable character/location refers to a character/location with the ability to use in the embedding process.…”

Section: Embedding Capacity =mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, if the methods are not integrated properly, then these drawbacks are inherited. High Medium [86] low high [84] Medium Medium [85] Medium High [87] Medium Medium [88] High Low Medium High [73] Medium High [95] Medium Medium [96] Medium High [74] Medium Medium [94] High Low Low High [110] low low [111] Low High [112] Medium High [113] Medium Medium [114]…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Analysis of Arabic Text Steganography

et al. 2021

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Protecting sensitive information transmitted via public channels is a significant issue faced by governments, militaries, organizations, and individuals. Steganography protects the secret information by concealing it in a transferred object such as video, audio, image, text, network, or DNA. As text uses low bandwidth, it is commonly used by Internet users in their daily activities, resulting a vast amount of text messages sent daily as social media posts and documents. Accordingly, text is the ideal object to be used in steganography, since hiding a secret message in a text makes it difficult for the attacker to detect the hidden message among the massive text content on the Internet. Language’s characteristics are utilized in text steganography. Despite the richness of the Arabic language in linguistic characteristics, only a few studies have been conducted in Arabic text steganography. To draw further attention to Arabic text steganography prospects, this paper reviews the classifications of these methods from its inception. For analysis, this paper presents a comprehensive study based on the key evaluation criteria (i.e., capacity, invisibility, robustness, and security). It opens new areas for further research based on the trends in this field.

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Section: Hybrid Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stego file size increases by inserting kashida. [114] Multi types of whitespace are combined with kashida.…”

Section: Authorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Embedding Capacity =mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Analysis of Arabic Text Steganography

et al. 2021

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“…This observation inspired us to propose a new scheme that utilizes the ENMI interpolation technique to generate the cover images and embeds the data using a new embedding technique that combines the embedding methods of Lee and Huang [23] and Malik et al [29]. Additionally, we replace the used simple LSB substitution method in Malik et al's [29] scheme by the OPAP method [8] to enhance the image quality, making this research completely different than other steganography research [1,13] as well as the combined stego counting based secret sharing [12,14]. Our proposed scheme scores the best embedding capacity among Jung and Yoo [21], Lee and Huang [23], Chang et al [9], Malik et al [29] and Zhang et al [38] with better image quality than four of them, i.e.…”

Section: Review Of Existing Interpolation-based Rdh Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient reversible data hiding multimedia technique based on smart image interpolation

Hassan

Gutub

2020

Multimed Tools Appl

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Reversible data hiding (RDH) within images is the process of securing data into cover images without degradation. Its challenge is to hide a large payload while taking into account the human visual system so that the distortion of the stego-image is negligible. It is highly desired for the images that have special requirements like the ones in the medical and military fields where the original images are required to be regenerated with no loss after extracting the data. In this paper, we propose an interpolation-based RDH (IRDH) scheme that improves Lee and Huang's scheme and Malik et al.'s scheme by combining their embedding techniques along with the optimal pixel adjustment process (OPAP) in a way that increases the embedding capacity and the visual quality of both the schemes. In this presented scheme, we start by stretching the size of the original image using the existing enhanced neighbor mean interpolation (ENMI) interpolation technique then the data is embedded into the interpolated pixels using our novel embedding method that depends on the intensity of the pixels and the maximized difference values. This innovative scheme presented all steps covering generation of the interpolated image, data embedding, data extraction and image recovery, making it in testing situation to be compared fairly with others. The experimental results demonstrate that the achieved embedding capacity by our hiding technique is more than 537 Kb for all the test images. Also, the experiments show that our proposed scheme has the highest embedding capacity among five current schemes which are Jung and Yoo's scheme, Lee and Huang's scheme, Chang et al.'s scheme, Zhang et al.'s scheme and Malik et al.'s scheme with attractive image security quality.

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