Inclusion of transverse quark momenta in the quark-gluon string model

Backward hadron production in neutrino-nucleus interactions

“…The contribution of the so called cylindrical graph, associated with scattering off a sea quark and shown in fig.1b, will be denoted F C (x, Q 2 ; z). It can be written in the form [1,10,12]…”

Dynamical and thermal descriptions in parton distribution functions

“…This is supported by simulations within the lattice QCD [23] and by the observation of the so-called "seagull" effect [24], i.e., the weak x dependence of the mean transverse momentum p t of hadrons produced in hadron inclusive reactions at low x, e.g., x < 0.5 and the strong x dependence of p t (x) at x → 1, see, for example, [25] and references therein.…”

“…Actually, these values for k t of quarks in proton are used to get the inclusive transverse momentum spectra of hadrons produced in pp collisions at not large p t , which were obtained in [25,26] within the dual parton model (DPM) [27] or the quark-gluon string model (QGSM) [28]. Therefore, the transverse momentum distribution of partons in proton can also be described in the statistical form with the same value of the temperature T as the parton distributions in proton over the longitudinal momentum or over its fraction x.…”

Semihard hadron processes and the quark-gluon string model

“…As is known the main contribution to such processes at large energies gives the graphs of cylinder-cut type in the s channel corresponding to the Pomeron exchange in t channel [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The hadron production can be considered in the following manner [11]. Each of two colliding nucleons is divided into a quark and a diquark with the opposite transverse momenta.…”

“…This process is repeated n times during the production of n Pomeron showers (or 2n qq chains). Such division of the transverse momentum considered in [11] is analogous to the so called consequent division of energy between n Pomeron showers in the multiperipheral model of the hadron production [2].…”