Incisor tooth retraction and subsequent profile change in postadolescent female patients

Hershey, H. Garland

doi:10.1016/0002-9416(72)90175-3

Cited by 124 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Soft tissue changes have been shown to accompany growth, orthodontic treatment as well as orthognathic or plastic surgery. [1][2][3][4][5]7,11,12,14,15,19,20,24,25,28,31,32 It is for these reasons that the soft tissue profile must be carefully examined before a decision regarding orthodontic treatment and/or orthognathic surgery can be made. Review of the nasolabial soft tissue is important when contemplating orthodontic treatment since movement of the maxillary incisor in any of the three planes of space influences this area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Review of the nasolabial soft tissue is important when contemplating orthodontic treatment since movement of the maxillary incisor in any of the three planes of space influences this area. 3,11,12,15,19,28,31 However, consistent and reproducible methods of evaluating the nasolabial region are lacking. The nasolabial angle is formed by two lines one from the nose another from the upper lip and both are independent of each other.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Evaluation of Nasolabial Angle and the Relative Inclinations of the Nose and Upper Lip

Nandini¹,

Prashanth²,

Somiah³

et al. 2011

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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Esthetics is one of the major motivating factors for patients seeking orthodontic treatment. Hard tissue and soft tissue drape both determine the facial esthetics. The structures in this region are so variable that the nasolabial angle (NLA) has been drawn differently by various investigators. Variations can lead to erroneous conclusions in orthodontic diagnosis. Aims and objectives:The study was done to evaluate a reliable method of constructing the nasolabial angle (NLA) and to correlate the soft tissue profile parameters with one another. Materials and methods:Lateral cephalogram of 50 randomly selected adult patients were taken. The tracings were made and 10 copies of each tracing were randomly distributed to 10 different orthodontists to draw the NLA. Results:Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) showed both N/ FH and L/FH angles to have significant p values when compared with NLA. The regression analysis showed that the nasolabial angle can be calculated for any given value of N/FH or L/FH by the formula: NLA = 80.33° + 1.02° (N/FH) and NLA = 14.2° + 1.04° (L/FH). The mean value of N/FH was 17.42° ± 8.40° and L/FH was 80.68° + 6.45° for this sample. Inter examiner reliability calculated by repeated measures of ANOVA and Dahlerg's formula showed high degree of reliability and reproducibility of the method.Clinical significance: NLA can be predicted for any given value of N/FH and L/FH. NLA = 80.33° + 1.02° (N/FH) and NLA = 14.2° + 1.04° (L/FH). If an individual has either N/FH or L/FH in the normal range but not the NLA then one could calculate the correct NLA using this formula. Thereby the NLA can be brought within the normal range by altering the other nasolabial parameters by correct treatment planning. Since the nasolabial angle plays a vital role in profile esthetics of a person, the clinician should place greater emphasis in evaluating this area and plan treatment mechanics to place this angle within the accepted normal variation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evaluation of Nasolabial Angle and the Relative Inclinations of the Nose and Upper Lip

Nandini¹,

Prashanth²,

Somiah³

et al. 2011

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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“…Despite the fact that it has previously been accepted that considerable upper lip retraction will necessarily follow upper incisor retraction, 18,25,[32][33][34] it is now widely recognized that the complex functional musculoskeletal anatomy of the nose/upper lip complex contributes to the observed wide variability of upper lip change with premolar extraction treatment. 5,6,16,30 Simplistic ratios of lip response to upper incisor movement would therefore seem to be of limited value for application to treatment planning in individual subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, there have been only a few previous reports of soft tissue treatment effects in Class II cases with only two upper premolar extractions. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] This present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of upper premolar extractions in males and females with Class II division 1 or 2 malocclusions. It has been designed to assess the likely ranges of changes in the soft tissue lip profile and upper incisor positions and angulations and to search for factors that might be associated with those changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incisal and Soft Tissue Effects of Maxillary Premolar Extraction in Class II Treatment

Tadic

Woods

2007

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: This retrospective study was designed to show likely upper incisal and soft tissue lip changes accompanying Class II fixed appliance treatment with only two upper premolar extractions and to assess whether the lips, especially, are predictably and directly affected with such treatment. Materials and Methods: Pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalograms and study casts from 61 growing Class II patients (aged 11 to 18 years; 39 division 1 and 22 division 2) were assessed. Upper and lower lip curve depths, nasolabial angle, and upper incisal position and angulation were all assessed and compared with changes in other cephalometric variables. Results: A wide range of individual response in both lip and upper incisor behavior were noted. The observed soft tissue lip changes were most likely to be related to the preexisting morphology of the lips themselves, while upper incisal changes were mainly related to their own pretreatment positions and changes occurring with treatment in the underlying bony structures. Conclusion: Orthodontic treatment involving the extractions of only two upper premolars is likely to result in a wide range of variation in lip and upper incisor behavior. The preexisting soft tissue morphology is likely to be the greatest determinant of lip behavior.

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“…In an attempt to determine the effects of orthodontic treatment on the soft tissue profile of the lips, several studies were conducted to quantify and to predict the relationship between incisor retraction and lip retraction (Bloom, 1961;Rudee, 1964;Garner, 1974;Roos, 1977;Wisth, 1974;Hershey, 1972). With the exception of one study that found a predictable amount of soft tissue changes in response to incisor retraction (Bloom, 1961) the majority of the studies on both growing and non-growing subjects concluded that the large individual variation prevents the accurate prediction of lip response to incisor retraction in any given person.…”

Section: Facial Soft Tissue Changes In Studies Utilizing Two-dimensiomentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Facial Soft Tissue Changes Due to Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Al-Sanea¹,

Kusnoto²,

Evans³

2012

Orthodontics - Basic Aspects and Clinical Considerations

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Incisor tooth retraction and subsequent profile change in postadolescent female patients

Cited by 124 publications

References 5 publications

An Evaluation of Nasolabial Angle and the Relative Inclinations of the Nose and Upper Lip

An Evaluation of Nasolabial Angle and the Relative Inclinations of the Nose and Upper Lip

Incisal and Soft Tissue Effects of Maxillary Premolar Extraction in Class II Treatment

3D Facial Soft Tissue Changes Due to Orthodontic Tooth Movement

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