Incised-valley fills and other evidence of sea-level fluctuations affecting deposition of the Catskill Formation (Upper Devonian), Appalachian foreland basin, Pennsylvania

Cotter, Edward; Driese, Steven G.

doi:10.2110/jsr.68.347

Cited by 36 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This vertical facies succession is similar to the threepart vertical succession of facies recently proposed as the signature of incised valley-fills (Cotter and Driese, 1998). A variety of factors promote palaeovalley incision (Schumm and Ethridge, 1994) but relative sea-level fall associated with eustasy or tectonism is commonly believed to be responsible for most of the palaeovalleys documented in ancient record (Zaitlin et al, 1994).…”

Section: Overall Facies Organizationsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The sequences contain the typical incised valley succession reflecting fluvio-marine, central estuarine, and progradational bay-head sedimentation (Cotter and Driese, 1998). Though the controlling mechanism for the generation of third-order cycles has remained controversial (Cloetingh, 1988;Christie-Blick et al, 1990;Cathles and Hallam, 1991), the presence of type-1 sequence boundaries and the overall facies organization suggests that incision at the base of each cycle was controlled by episodic fault-controlled subsidence of the Anambra Basin as it was being filled.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sedimentary response to tectonism in the Campanian–Maastrichtian succession, Anambra Basin, Southeastern Nigeria

Obi¹,

Okogbue²

2004

Journal of African Earth Sciences

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Section: Overall Facies Organizationsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary response to tectonism in the Campanian–Maastrichtian succession, Anambra Basin, Southeastern Nigeria

Obi¹,

Okogbue²

2004

Journal of African Earth Sciences

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“…Later, Walker (1971) and Walker and Harms (1971) re-interpreted the marine-nonmarine transition of the Foreknobs Formation equivalent in Pennsylvania as a succession of prograding muddy shoreline "motifs" because of the lack of classic deltaic facies, such as coarsening-upward successions capped with prominent distributary mouth-bar and distributary channel sandstones. Dennison and Dewitt (1972), Smith and Rose (1985), Cotter andDriese (1998), andSlingerland et al (2009) reached the same interpretation. Randall (1984), in a study of the Foreknobs Formation in west-central and southwest Virginia, described local red-colored fining-upward successions abruptly overlying offshore marine strata, which resemble muddy-shoreline "motifs".…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 79%

Sequence stratigraphic hierarchy of the Upper Devonian Foreknobs Formation, central Appalachian Basin, USA: Evidence for transitional greenhouse to icehouse conditions

McClung

Eriksson

Terry

et al. 2013

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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a b s t r a c tThe Foreknobs Formation (Upper Devonian; Upper Frasnian to basal Famennian) comprises the uppermost marine strata of the progradational "Catskill clastic wedge" of the south-central Appalachian Mountains (VirginiaWest Virginia; USA). The Foreknobs Formation consists of 14 lithofacies arranged in four facies associations which record the following depositional settings: 1) storm-dominated distal to proximal offshore to shoreface (facies association A); 2) sharp-based conglomeratic shoreface (facies association B); 3) fluvial redbed (facies association C); and 4) incised-valley fill (IVF; facies association D). Vertical juxtaposition and stacking patterns of lithofacies and facies associations permit recognition of a hierarchy of three scales of cyclicity. Up to 70 short-term 5th-order cycles, each averaging~65 kyr, consist of coarsening-upward parasequences of stormdominated offshore marine facies in the distal setting which correspond to high frequency (unconformity bound) sequences (HFS) of fluvial redbed strata overlain by offshore marine strata in the proximal setting. These facies relationships are a consequence of 10-15 m of sea-level fluctuations. Up to 12 intermediate-term 4th-order cycles, each averaging~375 kyr, consist of stacked 5th-order cycles. The 4th-order cycles are bounded by regressive surfaces of marine erosion (RSME) at the base of sharp-based conglomeratic shoreface sandstones in the distal setting that correspond with paleosols in the proximal setting. In some cases, the 5th-order cycles within each 4th-order cycle exhibit stacking patterns indicative of increasing or decreasing accommodation space. These facies relationships are a consequence of 25-35 m of sea-level fluctuations. Three complete and portions of two additional 3rd-order cycles, each averaging~1.12 Myr, consist of stacked 4th-order cycles. The 3rd-order sea-level trends reflected in the Foreknobs Formation are nearly identical to published eustatic sealevel curves. Incised-valley fills are present at one of the 3rd-order cycle boundaries and are a consequence of a 35-45 m sea-level fluctuation. The amplitudes of the inferred sea-level fluctuations are comparable to the expansion and contraction of ice volumes within the current Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets which suggests glacioeustasy was the primary control on sea-level fluctuations and cyclicity within the Foreknobs Formation. Such an interpretation is consistent with knowledge of Devonian climate, transitioning from Middle Devonian greenhouse to Late Devonian icehouse, as indicated by evidence of glaciation during parts of the Late Devonian in South America and the Appalachians.

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“…Each cycle is characterized by a tripartite vertical stratigraphic organization consisting of a coarse, river-dominated basal unit (lithofacies association I), a mudrock-dominated esuarine-marine unit (lithofacies associations II and III), and an upper sandstone unit (lithofacies association IV). This pattern was recognized in other areas by Rahamani (1988), Dalrymple (1992), Bhattacharya (1993), and Cotter and Driese (1998). Lithofacies associations I and II (Fig.…”

Section: Sequence 2-lower Imo Formationmentioning

confidence: 56%

Lithofacies, palynofacies, and sequence stratigraphy of Palaeogene strata in Southeastern Nigeria

Oboh‐Ikuenobe

Chuks

Jaramillo

2005

Journal of African Earth Sciences

117

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Incised-valley fills and other evidence of sea-level fluctuations affecting deposition of the Catskill Formation (Upper Devonian), Appalachian foreland basin, Pennsylvania

Cited by 36 publications

References 55 publications

Sedimentary response to tectonism in the Campanian–Maastrichtian succession, Anambra Basin, Southeastern Nigeria

Sedimentary response to tectonism in the Campanian–Maastrichtian succession, Anambra Basin, Southeastern Nigeria

Sequence stratigraphic hierarchy of the Upper Devonian Foreknobs Formation, central Appalachian Basin, USA: Evidence for transitional greenhouse to icehouse conditions

Lithofacies, palynofacies, and sequence stratigraphy of Palaeogene strata in Southeastern Nigeria

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