Incipient Diabetes Mellitus and Nascent Thyroid Disease Presenting as Beard Alopecia Areata: Case Report and Treatment Review of Alopecia Areata of the Beard

Forouzan, Parnia; Cohen, Philip R.

doi:10.7759/cureus.9500

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…On the other hand, a patient who at t0 had a completely negative autoimmune pro le, re-evaluated after 16 days, as he continued to be dependent on arti cial oxygenation, had ANA antibodies and positivity for M2-β and Ku antigens which also persisted at t3 and t6 (P3). From a clinical point of view, this patient still shows a persistent muscular asthenia at the level of the trunk, but further investigations are currently on going to check the possible onset of polymyositis [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

COVID-19 and Autoimmunity: A Single Center Prospective Follow-Up Study

Sacchi

Tamiazzo

Bonometti

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Various factors, such as viral infections, can act as triggers for the development of autoimmune diseases.In our recent study we reported the presence of autoantibodies in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. To verify whether these autoantibodies persisted over time and led to the development of chronic autoimmune diseases, we conducted a follow-up study at 3 and 6 months after admission.Methods:Thirteen of 40 patients enrolled in the previous study gave their consent to the analysis. The same autoimmunity tests performed at the time of diagnosis were carried out in these patients during follow up.Results:We showed, compatibly with an acute inflammatory response, that two patients were negative 6 months after diagnosis. In nine patients, autoantibodies were still present at follow-up. Among them, one patient had only ENA positivity. Another patient developed strong positivity for ANA and M2-β and Ku antigens. Currently, the symptoms do not meet full diagnostic criteria for diagnosis of polymyositis, but the patient is closely monitored to check its possible onset.Three patients developed: transient alopecia, autoimmune thrombocytopenia and hearing loss. Other four patients did not show any clinical symptoms.Conclusions:In conclusion, our data show that after 6 months, the autoantibodies are still present in the majority of patients. Further investigations will be necessary to check whether these patients will become negative over time or may develop clinical symptoms compatible with the onset of longer-term chronic autoimmune diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

COVID-19 and Autoimmunity: A Single Center Prospective Follow-Up Study

Sacchi

Tamiazzo

Bonometti

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The recurrence rate has been reported between 15 and 25.5% [6,7]. AAB may also have associations with disease states such as diabetes mellitus, vitiligo, hypothyroidism, and vitamin D deficiency and may be secondary to inflammatory stress from infections such as COVID-19 [6,[10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Inflammatory Causes Of Alopecia 21 Alopecia Areatamentioning

confidence: 99%

Beard Alopecia: An Updated and Comprehensive Review of Etiologies, Presentation and Treatment

Kaiser

Abdin

Yaghi

et al. 2023

JCM

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Facial hair is an important social and psychologic aspect of clinical appearance for men. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the causes of alopecia of the beard including the prevalence, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and treatment. In this review, we highlight more common causes of beard alopecia including alopecia areata and pseudofolliculitis barbae, infectious causes such as tinea barbae and herpes simplex folliculitis, and rare causes including dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis and frontal fibrosing alopecia. This review serves as an important resource for clinicians when faced with patients suffering from beard alopecia.

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“…adjunctive topical antifungals such as terbinafine [71] No successful treatment therapies remission occurred in 16% of cases [34]. In a BAA patient with underlying diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism, treatment with topical 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide cream twice daily for 6 months led to complete regrowth of his beard after 6 months [43].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alopecia Areata Barbae in a Nutshell

Nwosu

Miteva²

2023

Skin Appendage Disord

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Beard alopecia areata, or alopecia areata barbae, (BAA) is a subset of alopecia areata, a T-cell mediated inflammatory disease that disrupts the hair follicle cycle leading to early onset of catagen. The aim of this review is to help strengthen clinicians' skills in the evaluation, diagnosis, and management of BAA. We performed a literature review according to the modified PRISMA guidelines, using a combination of relevant key words in electronic databases. According to the data from the 25 articles on BAA reviewed here, BAA mostly affects middle-aged men (mean age 31 years) who typically experience patchy hair loss in the neck region, which spreads to the scalp within 12 months. Similar to AA, BAA is associated with autoimmune diseases such as <i>H. pylori</i> and thyroiditis; however, BAA has no clear genetic pattern of inheritance which is observed in alopecia areata. Common dermoscopic findings in BAA include vellus white hairs and exclamation mark hairs, which may help distinguish it from other pathologies affecting facial hair. In clinical trials, the ALBAS tool offers clinicians an objective metric to evaluate BAA severity. Until recently, topical steroids have been the mainstay therapy; however, topical and oral janus kinase inhibitors are achieving improved results, with up to 75% beard regrowth in an average of 12 months.

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Incipient Diabetes Mellitus and Nascent Thyroid Disease Presenting as Beard Alopecia Areata: Case Report and Treatment Review of Alopecia Areata of the Beard

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

COVID-19 and Autoimmunity: A Single Center Prospective Follow-Up Study

COVID-19 and Autoimmunity: A Single Center Prospective Follow-Up Study

Beard Alopecia: An Updated and Comprehensive Review of Etiologies, Presentation and Treatment

Alopecia Areata Barbae in a Nutshell

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