Incinerator bottom ash (IBA) aerated geopolymer

Chen, Zhitao; Liu, Yiquan; Zhu, Weiping; Yang, En-Hua

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.164

Cited by 97 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It suggests that reusing bottom ash in alkali activated systems shows convenience in heavy metal treatment, which further results in reduced costs and wider applications. Depending on the nature and particle sizes of bottom ash, it shows the feasibility to be partial replacement of both binder (Chen et al, 2016) and aggregate (Xie and Ozbakkaloglu, 2015). Besides, although limited attention was paid to reusing the granite powder, its similar origin to limestone powder may indicate an analogical application potential, which benefits both Portland cement and alkali activated binders by reducing the binder dosage and refining the pore structure (Bonavetti et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and application of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash and waste granite powder in alkali activated slag

Gao

Yuan

et al. 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Keywords:Municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash Granite powder Alkali activated slag Leaching Reactivity Carbon footprint a b s t r a c tIn this paper, the feasibility of using two solid wastes in alkali activated slag composites as construction and building materials is evaluated. One waste is the municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash, and the other one is fine granite powder from aggregate manufacturing. These two solid wastes are thoroughly characterized, and their effects on reaction process, gel composition, microstructure are investigated by isothermal calorimeter, TG/DSC, FTIR and SEM. Leaching properties and CO 2 footprint of some typical mixes are evaluated. The results indicate that both bottom ash and granite addition can be regarded as non-reactive phases. Micro scale analyses show no evident chemical involvement of both wastes on the gel structure of the reaction products. Bottom ash addition reduces the compressive strength, and granite powder presents a lower influence; 28 d strengths of around 20e70 MPa can be achieved depending on the replacement levels. Most of the mixtures pass the Dutch regulation for heavy metal leaching, while the excessive chlorides and sulfates contents can be easily treated by methods such as washing. The carbon emission is significantly reduced due to the negative impact of the waste solids, and this value can be further lower if bottom ash with larger sizes is used to replace coarse aggregates. Therefore, these two solid wastes present promising application potential based on the identified performances and sustainability.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and application of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash and waste granite powder in alkali activated slag

Gao

Yuan

et al. 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On the other hand, great results were obtained when WBA was also used as a raw material in alkali-activated blended or hybrid cements to increase the AACs' mechanical strength [30,[35][36][37]. There are few studies where WBA is used as a sole precursor [38][39][40]. However, the potential use of WBA as a sole precursor in AAC formulation was revealed by analyzing the SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 reactive phases through different chemical attacks [41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the potential use of WBA as a sole precursor in AAC formulation was revealed by analyzing the SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 reactive phases through different chemical attacks [41]. AACs for non-structural purposes (compressive strength results were around 0.95 to 2.8 MPa) were obtained after activating WBA with a mixture of NaOH and sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ) solutions, where curing time and temperature were 3 days and 75 • C, respectively [38,39]. Other studies obtained highly porous AACs after a long curing process of 20 months at room temperature [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash as Sole Precursor in the Alkali-Activated Binder Formulation

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The concern about the large amount of weathered bottom ash (WBA) produced in waste-to-energy plants (WtE) has caused an increased search for alternatives to reduce their environmental impact. The present study aims to provide an added value through the WBA valorization from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) for its use as a sole precursor for developing alkali-activated binders (AABs). Alkali-activated weathered bottom ash binders (AA-WBA) were formulated with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 1.0 and using sodium silicate (80 wt.%) and NaOH (20 wt.%) at different concentrations (2, 4, 6, and 8M) as alkali-activator solutions. AA-WBA were cured at room temperature to extend their applicability. The effect of the alkali-activator solution molarity on the final properties of the AA-WBA was evaluated. The physicochemical characterization by XRD, FTIR, and SEM evidenced the presence of the typical phases (calcium silicate hydrate and gehlenite) of C-(A)-S-H gel. Leaching concentrations of As, Cu, and Mo exceed the acceptance in landfills for inert waste, while the leaching concentration of Sb exceeds the one for non-hazardous waste. The structure of the binders depends on the alkalinity of the activator, obtaining better results using NaOH 6M in terms of microstructure and compressive strength (6.7 MPa). The present study revealed that AA-WBA for non-structural purposes can be obtained. The AA-WBA formulation contributes to the WBA valorization and development of low-carbon cements; therefore, it is an encouraged alternative to ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Considering the amounts and costs of the WBA, sodium silicate, NaOH, and water, the total cost of the developed formulations is comprised in a range between 137.6 and 153.9 €/Tn.

show abstract

“…Municipal solid waste ashes : glass powder [ 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ], sludge ashes [ 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 ], and municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash [ 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 ], and municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash [ 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of Alkali-Activated Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash in Mortar and Concrete: A Critical Review

Kurda

2020

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the light of one of the most common waste management issues in urban areas, namely the elimination of municipal solid waste (MSW; about 486 kg of the waste per capita were generated in the EU in 2017), this study discusses one technique as an outlet in the construction industry for the by-product of the waste’s incineration in energy recovery facilities (i.e., MSW incinerator bottom ash—MIBA). There have been some investigations on the use of MIBA as partial replacement of cement to be used in cementitious composites, such as concrete and mortars. However, the waste’s incorporation ratio is limited since further products of hydration may not be produced after a given replacement level and can lead to an unsustainable decline in performance. In order to maximize the incorporation of MIBA, some research studies have been conducted on the alkali activation of the waste as precursor. Thus, this study presents an extensive literature review of the most relevant investigations on the matter to understand the material’s applicability in construction. It analyses the performance of the alkali-activated MIBA as paste, mortar, and concrete from different perspectives. This literature review was made using search engines of several databases. In each database, the same search options were repeated using combinations of various representative keywords. Furthermore, several boundaries were made to find the most relevant studies for further inspection. The main findings of this review have shown that the chemical composition and reactivity of MIBA vary considerably, which may compromise performance comparison, standardization and commercialization. There are several factors that affect the performance of the material that need to be considered, e.g., type and content of precursor, alkaline activator, curing temperature and time, liquid to solid ratio, among others. MIBA-based alkali-activated materials (AAM) can be produced with a very wide range of compressive strength (0.3–160 MPa). The main factor affecting the performance of this precursor is the existence of metallic aluminum (Al), which leads to damaging expansive reactions and an increase in porosity due to hydrogen gas generation stemming from the reaction with the alkaline activator. Several approaches have been proposed to eliminate this issue. The most effective solution was found to be the removal of Al by means of eddy current electromagnetic separation.

show abstract

Incinerator bottom ash (IBA) aerated geopolymer

Cited by 97 publications

References 29 publications

Characterization and application of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash and waste granite powder in alkali activated slag

Characterization and application of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash and waste granite powder in alkali activated slag

Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash as Sole Precursor in the Alkali-Activated Binder Formulation

Incorporation of Alkali-Activated Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash in Mortar and Concrete: A Critical Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About