Incidência e Localizações das Lesões Atribuídas à Participação no Treinamento Funcional de Alta Intensidade

Abstract

Objetivo: Verificar a incidência e as localizações das lesões atribuídas à participação no treinamento funcional de alta intensidade.
 Método: 189 sujeitos de ambos os sexos inseridos em dois centros de treinamento participaram deste estudo retrospectivo. Como instrumento de coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário contendo perguntas subjetivas e de múltipla escolha. A proposta do questionário foi examinar a localização, o número de lesões e os possíveis fatores de risco para lesão em praticantes/atletas de treinamento funcional de alta intensidade.
 Resultados: Foi identificada uma incidência de 6.1 lesões por 1000 horas de treinamento. Os segmentos corporais com maior frequência de lesão foram o ombro (35.4%), lombar (20.3%), joelho (12.7%) e punho (8.9%). Além disso, as principais causas de lesões identificadas em nosso estudo foram técnicas de execução incorreta (34.2%), esforço repetitivo (29.1%) e elevadas cargas (17.7%).
 Conclusão: Estes resultados fornecem dados relevantes para a compreensão da etiologia das lesões em praticantes de treinamento funcional de alta intensidade. Desta forma, é possível que profissionais envolvidos em treinamento funcional de alta intensidade monitorem as respostas do treinamento e atuem na prevenção de lesões durante o programa de condicionamento.

Lesões em praticantes de Crossfit: revisão narrativa

“…Another study pointed to the lumbar spine as one of the sites with the highest prevalence of injuries (17%) 1 . Likewise, other studies indicate a prevalence of 15% to 28.5% of lumbar spine injuries in CrossFit training 5,6,8 . A study with almost 4 million reports found that lumbar spine injuries are the second most common lesions in highintensity functional training athletes, second only to lower limb injuries 5,6,8 .…”

“…Furthermore, a meta-analysis also found that the shoulder was the most common injury site, especially in gymnastic movements, with a rate of 1.9 injuries per 1000 hours of training (n =187); the most common causes of injuries were inadequate form of movement and aggravation of previous injury 7 . Another study showed a higher prevalence of shoulder injuries (35.4%) and a higher rate of injuries per time, with 6.1 injuries per 1000 training hours (n = 189), indicating as the main causes of injuries incorrect execution, repetitive strain, and high loads 8 .…”

“…Thus, shoulder injuries are the most prevalent upper limb injuries 1,6,7,8 , with varying results between studies, both in the injury rates and in their causes, which include technique 3,7,8 , training period 3 , type of exercise performed 3 , load used 8 , and presence of previous injuries 7 . This demonstrates that more consistent studies on CrossFit should be conducted to elucidate the prevalence and the correlation of these traumas to gender, age and associated risk factors, so that prevention measures can be developed.…”

“…Therefore, knee injuries are the most prevalent lower limb injuries 1,3,6,8 , with varying results between studies, both in the injury rates and in their causes, which include technique 9 , type of exercise performed 1,3 and strength required 3 . However, some case reports describe uncommon trauma 9 , demonstrating the need for more consistent studies on CrossFit, not only to elucidate the prevalence and the correlation of the most common injuries to gender, age and associated risk factors, but also to know other possible injuries that can affect CrossFit athletes and practitioners.…”

“…In addition, they benefit from more individualized training, regarding both the exercises and the load. Practitioners who train less than 3 times a week have a more acute and chronic muscle response to lower loads of exercise than those who train more times a week, which can lead to fatigue and impair their musculoskeletal stability 1,8 .…”