Incidences phytotechniques et zootechniques d'une réduction ou d'une suppression de la fertilisation azotée sur des prairies pâturées par des vaches laitières

Dieguez, Francisco; Hornick, Jean-Luc; Behr, V. de; Istasse, Louis; Dufrasne, Isabelle

doi:10.1051/animres:2001104

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…In similar conditions with cows receiving 2 kg concentrates, Dieguez et al (2001) reported similar values (F%: 3.9% and P%: 3.3%) to the ones reported herein. In the present study, supplementation of concentrates increased milk fat and protein production.…”

Section: Impact On Voluntary Cow Trafficsupporting

confidence: 88%

The effect of concentrate allocation on traffic and milk production of pasture-based cows milked by an automatic milking system

Lessire

Froidmont

Shortall

et al. 2017

Animal

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Increased economic, societal and environmental challenges facing agriculture are leading to a greater focus on effective way to combine grazing and automatic milking systems (AMS). One of the fundamental aspects of robotic milking is cows' traffic to the AMS. Numerous studies have identified feed provided, either as fresh grass or concentrate supplement, as the main incentive for cows to return to the robot. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of concentrate allocation on voluntary cow traffic from pasture to the robot during the grazing period, to highlight the interactions between grazed pasture and concentrate allocation in terms of substitution rate and the subsequent effect on average milk yield and composition. Thus, 29 grazing cows, milked by a mobile robot, were monitored for the grazing period (4 months). They were assigned to two groups: a low concentrate (LC) group (15 cows) and a high concentrate (HC) group (14 cows) receiving 2 and 4 kg concentrate/cow per day, respectively; two allocations per day of fresh pasture were provided at 0700 and 1600 h. The cows had to go through the AMS to receive the fresh pasture allocation. The effect of concentrate level on robot visitation was calculated by summing milkings, refusals and failed milkings/cow per day. The impact on average daily milk yield and composition was also determined. The interaction between lactation number and month was used as an indicator of pasture availability. Concentrate allocation increased significantly robot visitations in HC (3.60 ± 0.07 visitations/cow per day in HC and 3.10 ± 0.07 visitations/cow per day in LC; P < 0.001) while milkings/cow per day were similar in both groups (LC: 2.37 ± 0.02/day and HC: 2.39 ± 0.02/day; Ns). The average daily milk yield over the grazing period was enhanced in HC (22.39 ± 0.22 kg/cow per day in HC and 21.33 ± 0.22 kg/cow per day in LC; P < 0.001). However the gain in milk due to higher concentrate supply was limited with regards to the amount of provided concentrates. Milking frequency in HC primiparous compared with LC was increased. In the context of this study, considering high concentrate levels as an incentive for robot visitation might be questioned, as it had no impact on milking frequency and limited impact on average milk yield and composition. By contrast, increased concentrate supply could be targeted specifically to primiparous cows.

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Section: Impact On Voluntary Cow Trafficsupporting

confidence: 88%

The effect of concentrate allocation on traffic and milk production of pasture-based cows milked by an automatic milking system

Lessire

Froidmont

Shortall

et al. 2017

Animal

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Less intensified grazing management with growing fattening bulls

et al. 2006

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-Animal performance, composition and quality of meat from Belgian Blue bulls either fattened indoors (FI) or finished indoors after a previous grazing period were studied during six years. During the grazing period, three intensification managements were tested on a permanent pasture conducted as set stocking. The intensification levels were either high (HN: 140 kg N·ha −1 with 6 bulls·ha −1 ) or moderate with a 33% reduction of nitrogen fertilisation but with the same stocking rate (MN: 93 kg N·ha −1 , 6 bulls·ha −1 ) or low with no nitrogen fertiliser but with a reduced stocking rate (ON, 4 bulls·ha −1 ). The levels of intensification did not affect sward characteristics and chemical composition of the grass. The apparent nitrogen efficiency per ha was larger in the ON plot than in the HN and MN plots (26 vs. 14%). The average daily gain of bulls during the grazing season was similar in the three groups at 1.0 kg·d −1 . The bulls from the FI group were characterised by average daily gains significantly higher than the bulls which were previously grazed and then finished indoors (1.5 vs. 1.2 kg·d −1 ; P < 0.01). The slaughter weight, the carcass composition, the dressing percentage and most of the meat quality parameters were similar between the treatment groups. The inclusion of a grazing period in the fattening system produced a meat which was darker (lower L*, P < 0.01), more red (higher a*, P < 0.05) and had a higher content of linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3) than that of the animals fattened indoors.fattening / bulls / grazing / nitrogen fertiliser / stocking rate Résumé -Désintensification de la conduite de prairies pâturées par de jeunes taurillons. Les performances zootechniques, la composition et la qualité de la viande de taurillons Blanc Bleu belge engraissés uniquement en stabulation (FI) ou finis en stabulation après une période de pâturage ont été étudiées pendant six années. Pendant la période de pâturage, trois niveaux d'intensification ont été testés dans une prairie permanente. Le système de pâturage continu a été employé. Les niveaux d'intensification ont été soit élevé (HN : 140 kg N·ha −1 ; 6 taureaux·ha −1 ), soit modéré avec une réduction de 33 % de la fertilisation azotée mais avec le même chargement (MN : 93 kg N·ha gain quotidien moyen des taureaux pendant la période de pâturage a été identique dans les trois lots (1 kg·j −1 ). Les taurillons du groupe FI ont présenté des gains quotidiens moyens significativement plus élevés que ceux des taurillons ayant séjourné en prairie et finis en stabulation (1,5 vs. 1,2 kg·j −1 ; P < 0,01). Le poids d'abattage, la composition de carcasse ainsi que le rendement à l'abattage et les paramètres de qualité de viande ont été semblables entre les traitements. L'inclusion d'une période de pâturage a produit une viande plus foncée et rouge par rapport au lot FI. Les teneurs en C18:3 ont été plus élevées (P < 0,05) pour les taurillons du lot HN par rapport à celles du lot FI. engraissement / taurillons / pâturage / fumure azotée / chargement

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Incidences phytotechniques et zootechniques d'une réduction ou d'une suppression de la fertilisation azotée sur des prairies pâturées par des vaches laitières

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

The effect of concentrate allocation on traffic and milk production of pasture-based cows milked by an automatic milking system

The effect of concentrate allocation on traffic and milk production of pasture-based cows milked by an automatic milking system

Less intensified grazing management with growing fattening bulls

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