Incidence, seasonal and geographical patterns of juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Denmark

Christau, Bjo̸rn; Kromann, H.; Andersen, O. Ortved; Christy, M.; Buschard, Karsten; Arnung, K; Kristensen, Ingvar; Peitersen, Birgit; J, Steinrud; Nerup, Jørn

doi:10.1007/bf01223266

Cited by 128 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This finding is in contrast with the findings of other studies were childhood peaks were reported [2,9,10]. However, our number is too small for analysis.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

“…There was a slight increase in incidence in the 0-19 year age group, but it is lower than that reported from Toronto (9.50 per 100,000) [6], New Zealand (10.4 per 100,000) [7] and much lower than the Finnish findings of 27.3 per 100,000 [8]. The incidence of diabetes mellitus in the age group 0-29 years in Kuwait (22.09 per 100,000) is nearly twice that found in Denmark (13,2 per 100,000) [2]. The majority of new cases of diabetes mellitus in the present study was in the 20-29 year age group, representing 80% of all new cases and accounting for the majority of cases which did not require insulin.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

“…Epidemiological studies in various parts of the world have provided evidence that genetic and environmental factors play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus [1,2]. It is the general impression among practising physicians in Kuwait that though diabetes mellitus is very common, incidence in the younger age groups is probably quite low.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diabetes mellitus in Kuwait incidence in the first 29 years of life

et al. 1983

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“…This finding is in contrast with the findings of other studies were childhood peaks were reported [2,9,10]. However, our number is too small for analysis.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Diabetes mellitus in Kuwait incidence in the first 29 years of life

et al. 1983

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“…The pattern of seasonality is similar to that reported in many other studies [8,12,14,[31][32][33][34][35] with excess incidence in the local winter. Some studies have not shown this [17,36].…”

supporting

confidence: 76%

The epidemiology of diabetes mellitus in the United Kingdom: The Yorkshire regional childhood diabetes register

et al. 1993

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Summary. A register of the incidence of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in the Yorkshire region of the United Kingdom has been completed. A total of 1,490 subjects aged between 0 and 16 years were identified from 1978 to 1990, giving an incidence of 13.7 per 100,000 (ages 0-14) or 13.6 per 100,000 (ages 0-16), comparable to other recent studies in the United Kingdom. An age-period-cohort analysis shows evidence for a modest drift effect of 1.75 % per year (95% confidence interval 0.28 to 3.25%). There is a marked epidemic pattern with peaks at 4-year intervals. The age-incidence curve is similar to that reported elsewhere, having peaks in early childhood and puberty. Girls have an earlier pubertal peak than boys. There is substantial seasonal variation in incidence confined to those over 5 years of age. Ascertainment is believed to be very complete, and is estimated to be 97.6% (95% confidence interval 97.2% to 98.1%).Key words: Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, epidemiology, aetiology, disease registry, childhood, ascertainment estimates.Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus is an increasingly common disorder in many European populations [1,2]. Neither the causes of the condition, nor the causes of the increased incidence are known. Although a genetic predisposition is clearly of great importance, direct epidemiological evidence from case-control studies [3,4] and indirect epidemiological evidence from migrant studies [5,6] indicate that environmental agents are also very important.The descriptive epidemiology of Type i diabetes is an important source of information for the framing of aetiological hypotheses. Several prominent features require explanation. There is great geographical variation in incidence, with as much as a 40-fold variation between countries; Finland and Sardinia have the highest incidence rates (over 30 per 100,000 per year); Japan, Africa and Korea have the lowest (0.3 to 2.5 per 100,000 per year) [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The age incidence curve typically shows a peak in early adolescence, and may have a secondary peak earlier in childhood. There is marked seasonality of onset in many (though not all) studies [12,[14][15][16][17], although this may relate more to infections precipitating a metabolic decompensation in prediabetic persons, than to any aetiological agent [8]. The incidence in a population may change rapidly during short periods of time, whether in the indigenous population [18], or in migrant populations [5].A necessary first step in any series of investigations of the aetiology of Type 1 diabetes is to establish a good, well-validated register. This was the aim of the Yorkshire project.

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“…The higher incidence figure was very similar to that obtained in a much smaller incidence study in Denmark (14 per 100,000), where the ascertainment was virtually 100%. 8 Thus, by taking this incidence rate, the prevalence of type I diabetes at the age of 16 yr is 0.22%. This is very important when we consider the genetic basis of the disease.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Type I Diabetes In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type I (Insulin-dependent) Diabetic Multiplex Families: Mode of Genetic Transmission

Walker

Cudworth

1980

Diabetes

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SUMMARYHLA genotypes have been analyzed in 120 classic type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic sib pairs with an age of onset below 16 yr reported to the British Diabetic Association register (1972-78). By this age, siblings of diabetic children are 26 times more likely to develop type I diabetes than other children. There is a highly significant disturbance in the zygotic assortment of HLA haplotypes in these sib pairs, providing conclusive evidence for the existence of major susceptibility genes in the HLA complex.The present data exclude a simple dominant or recessive mode of inheritance. It is likely that both parents contribute to the susceptibility, indicating the presence of two HLA-linked genes (or clusters of genes in linkage disequilibrium) that influence the predisposition to the disease. There is no evidence that type I diabetic multiplex families have an increased HLA risk or increased predisposition to autoimmunity compared with families with one affected child. DIABE-TES 29:1036-1039, December 1980.

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Incidence, seasonal and geographical patterns of juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Denmark

Cited by 128 publications

References 9 publications

Diabetes mellitus in Kuwait incidence in the first 29 years of life

Diabetes mellitus in Kuwait incidence in the first 29 years of life

The epidemiology of diabetes mellitus in the United Kingdom: The Yorkshire regional childhood diabetes register

Type I (Insulin-dependent) Diabetic Multiplex Families: Mode of Genetic Transmission

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