Incidence Rates of Surgically Managed Cystic Echinococcosis in Kazakhstan, 2007–2016

Mustapayeva, Aigerim; Manciulli, Tommaso; Zholdybay, Zhamilya; Juskiewicz, Konrad; Zhakenova, Zhanar; Shapiyeva, Zhanna; Medetov, Zhumagul B.; Vola, Ambra; Mariconti, Mara; Brunetti, Enrico; Budke, Christine M.; Khalykova, Maira; Duisenova, Amangul

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.19-0572

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…According to the latest statistical studies, there is a downward trend in the human incidence of echinococcosis in the country. However, there is an increase in certain regions of the country [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gastrointestinal helminthiases of dogs with molecular genetic identification of echinococcosis

Abdybekova¹,

Yalysheva²,

Zhaksylykova³

et al. 2022

Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology

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Echinococcosis is a serious zoonotic disease caused by a larval stage of the tapeworm from genus Echinococcus. Dogs act as definitive hosts and infect humans and farm animals. The article presents the results of a study of feces of 1020 dogs from Zhambyl, Kyzylorda, Turkestan, Almaty, Zhetysu, Karaganda, Aktobe, Pavlodar and Akmola regions for Echinococcus granulosus, collected in 2021-2022. Eggs of Taeniia spp., Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Trichuris vulpis, Ancylostoma caninum were found using copro-ovoscopy methods. Helminth samples were differentiated by amplification and sequencing using the Ef1a translation elongation factor marker gene. Based on the analysis of the nucleotide sequences of 22 egg samples, two samples were identified as E. granulosus. Based on the G protein primer, the G1 genotype was established. These samples were deposited in the NCBI GenBank database (accession numbers ON630760 and ON630761). For the first time, molecular genetic characterization of the echinococcosis causative agent in the final hosts was carried out in Kazakhstan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The World Health Organization (WHO) has listed echinococcosis as one of the 17 neglected diseases targeted for control or elimination by 2050 [2]. In Kazakhstan the incidence rate continues to be high, especially in the southern part of the country [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal helminthiases of dogs with molecular genetic identification of echinococcosis

Abdybekova¹,

Yalysheva²,

Zhaksylykova³

et al. 2022

Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology

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“…On referencing a map, it can be noted that hunting for wild animals has developed in the areas of echinococcosis detection among farm animals. This indicates the circulation of the invasion in the ecosystem and the high risks of its transmission to humans [17,28,29]. Echinococcus spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of Echinococcus spp. in wild carnivorous animals in Kazakhstan

et al. 2022

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Background and Aim: The study of Echinococcus infection among farm animals in Kazakhstan was carried out to monitor the invasion among livestock and map the data obtained. Unfortunately, there are only partial data on the study of echinococcosis among wild carnivores in Kazakhstan, which makes it difficult to conduct a comparative analysis of the epidemiological situation among wild animals. The present study aimed to estimate the genetic diversity of Echinococcus spp. (Leuckart, 1863) in Kazakhstan based on sequence analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) of worms isolated from wild carnivorous animals wolf (Canis lupus), red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and corsac (Vulpes corsac). Materials and Methods: DNA from parasite tissue was used as a template for the amplification of the two mitochondrial genes cox1 and nad1. Sequencing was performed according to the manual for the Seq Studio Genetic Analyzer. The multiple alignments of obtained sequences were performed using the ClustalW algorithm in Mega (v.11) software. Alignments were exported as a Nexus extension and used as input for TCS v1.21 for the identification of haplotypes. The phylogenetic analysis was constructed according to the neighbor-joining method using Mega (v.11) software. Results: Analysis of the extensiveness of echinococcosis invasion showed that 6.3% were wolves, 18.2% were corsacs, and 85% were foxes. In total, 159 adults of Echinococcus spp. from the three species of animals in different parts of Kazakhstan were analyzed, and 17 individual biological samples were successfully sequenced. Sequence analysis of cox1 and nad1 genes revealed two types of echinococcosis – Echinococcus granulosus in red foxes and wolves, and Echinococcus multilocularis in corsacs. Sequencing of a portion of the mitochondrial genome made it possible to determine seven haplotypes of the pathogen in the studied samples of E. granulosus. Molecular analysis of cox1 and nad1 genes of E. multilocularis revealed three new haplotypes, which have significant variability compared with other studied Asian haplotypes. Conclusion: This study made it possible to fill the gaps in understanding the localization of the foci of the spread of the echinococcosis pathogen among the main wild carnivores and to determine the species reservoir of the pathogen in the greater territory of Kazakhstan.

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“…A similar dataset exists in Kazakhstan, and its analysis has provided information regarding the distribution of CE cases in that country. 10 In this article, we provide an overview of the trends in human CE incidence rates in Uzbekistan for the years 2011 to 2018 using the data of surgically treated cases from a national CE registry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in the Surgical Incidence of Cystic Echinococcosis in Uzbekistan from 2011 to 2018

Colpani

Ачилова

D’Alessandro

et al. 2022

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonosis with a cosmopolitan distribution caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato tapeworms. Although Uzbekistan and other countries in Central Asia are considered endemic, estimates of disease burden are lacking. We present data regarding surgically managed cases of CE obtained from Uzbekistan’s national disease surveillance registry. These data are from medical centers in Uzbekistan authorized to treat the disease and reported to the Uzbek Center for Sanitation and Epidemiology from the period 2011 to 2018. Information included data regarding the patient age class (children 14 years or younger), but no data regarding the cyst location. Incidence rates were calculated using data from the national population registry, and the Cuzick nonparametric test for trends was used to test for differences in the incidence over time at the country level and regional levels. A total of 7,309 CE cases were reported. Of these, 857 (11.73%) involved pediatric patients. The mean incidence rates were 4.4 per 100,000 population in 2011 and 2.3 per 100,000 population in 2018 (P = 0.016). One region (Republic of Karalpakistan) showed a nonstatistically significant increase (P = 0.824). All other regions except three showed a statistically significant decrease. We present the decrease in the incidence of surgically treated CE in Uzbekistan from 2011 to 2018. However, the presence of cases involving children suggest ongoing parasite transmission. The absence of clinical information (starting with cyst stage and localization) needs to be addressed to improve the national surveillance system. Field studies are also needed to further explore the epidemiology of CE in the country.

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Incidence Rates of Surgically Managed Cystic Echinococcosis in Kazakhstan, 2007–2016

Cited by 19 publications

References 22 publications

Gastrointestinal helminthiases of dogs with molecular genetic identification of echinococcosis

Gastrointestinal helminthiases of dogs with molecular genetic identification of echinococcosis

Genetic diversity of Echinococcus spp. in wild carnivorous animals in Kazakhstan

Trends in the Surgical Incidence of Cystic Echinococcosis in Uzbekistan from 2011 to 2018

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