Incidence rate of congenital scoliosis estimated from a nationwide health insurance database

Abstract

To investigate the epidemiology of congenital scoliosis (CS) and treatment trends. An age-matched, nationwide, population-based study was conducted using the National Health Insurance and Health Insurance Review and Assessment databases from 2010 to 2015. Data regarding the diagnosis and treatment of scoliosis were extracted using International Classifications of Diseases, 10th revision codes. The age-matched normal population was determined from the Korean Statistical Information Service database. We analyzed the incidence rate of CS according to age and sex, as well as the proportion of surgically treated patients. A total of 1664 patients (aged 0–19 years) were diagnosed with CS. The overall average incidence rate of CS over the 5-year period was 3.08 per 100,000 persons, with the highest and second highest rates at 0 years and 12–16 years of age, respectively. The incidence rate stratified by age ranged from 1.5 to 20.1 per 100,000 persons among the age-matched normal population, with peaks at 0 years of age and the second growth spurt in adolescence (12–16 years for males; 10–14 years for females). Anterior surgery was rarely performed; posterior surgery was performed in 92 patients (5.5% of all patients), with the highest prevalence (56.5%) in patients diagnosed at 10–14 years of age. The overall average incidence rate of CS over a 5-year period was 3.08 per 100,000 persons. Only 5.5% of patients underwent surgery within 5 years after the initial diagnosis.

Functional Characterization of Novel Lunatic Fringe Variants in Spondylocostal Dysostosis Type-III with Scoliosis

“…A variety of segmentation defects, hemivertebrae, and rib abnormalities were also observed (Figure 1). Although we noted milder scoliosis in our proband, we cannot predict if this deformity will remain stable or progress with time (compare with [25][26][27]) [5,43]. Therefore, with current evidence, it is unreasonable to suggest that segmentation defect severity is affected by the hypomorphic allele.…”

Promotion effect of FGF23 on osteopenia in congenital scoliosis through FGFr3/TNAP/OPN pathway

“…These data may be consistent with epidemiological studies from Korea and the Middle East, which observed more male patients with CS than females, although another study found that the incidence of intraspinal malformations in patients with CS was not significantly correlated with sex. [32][33][34] Next, we further detected the expression of FGF23 and related proteins in primary osteoblasts of CS patients.…”

Fetal Scoliosis: Natural History and Outcomes

“…2,10,11 A small proportion of patients (5% according to one study) have surgical intervention if the curve is severe or continues to progress, most commonly individuals in whom the diagnosis is made in early adolescence. 9 Fetal scoliosis as diagnosed on an ultrasonography scan is typically detected at around 20 weeks' gestation at the planned anomaly scan, although it may be detected earlier. 12,13 There is a paucity of literature on fetal scoliosis, which consists mainly of single reports or limited series, [13][14][15][16] and little is known about the effect and natural history of this prenatal diagnosis, which may lead to termination of pregnancy.…”

“… 2 , 10 , 11 A small proportion of patients (5% according to one study) have surgical intervention if the curve is severe or continues to progress, most commonly individuals in whom the diagnosis is made in early adolescence. 9 …”

“…6,8 When detected after birth, congenital scoliosis is most commonly found in children within the first year of life or in the early teenage years. 5,9 Treatment of these children depends on various factors, including age, the severity and progression of the curve, and the underlying cause, and is nonsurgical in most cases. 3 Treatment typically involves investigation for any associated abnormalities, observation over time, and modifications and growth modulation techniques such as external bracing treatment.…”