Incidence rate and characteristics of symptomatic vitamin D deficiency in children: a nationwide survey in Japan

Kubota, Takuo; Nakayama, Hirofumi; Kitaoka, Taichi; Nakamura, Yosikazu; Fukumoto, Seiji; Fujiwara, Ikuma; Hasegawa, Yukihiro; Ihara, Kenji; Kitanaka, Susumu; Koyama, Satomi; Kusuda, Satoshi; Mizuno, Haruo; Nagasaki, Keisuke; Oba, Koji; Sakamoto, Yuko; Takubo, Noriyuki; Shimizu, Toshiaki; Tanahashi, Yusuke; Hasegawa, Kosei; Tsukahara, Hirokazu; Yorifuji, Tohru; Michigami, Toshimi; Ozono, Keiichi

doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej18-0008

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Meanwhile, there are few reports of the health problems caused by vitamin D deficiency. It is 1.1 per 100,000 among under people 15 years of age and 3.5 per 100,000 among people under 5 years of age [ 33 ]. On the other hand, a daily intake and high amounts of vitamin A from liver or vitamin supplements may lead to unwelcome side effects [ 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Dietary Supplement Use Among Elementary, Junior High, and High School Students: A Nationwide Survey in Japan

et al. 2018

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The prevalence of dietary supplement use, such as vitamins, minerals, or fish oil, has increased among children in Japan; however, whether children are using dietary supplements appropriately remains unclear. This study aimed to determine dietary supplement use among children. In August 2017, a nationwide internet preliminary survey of 265,629 mothers aged from 25 to 59 years old was undertaken. Of these, 19,041 mothers of children attending either elementary school, junior high school, or high school were selected. Among them, 16.4% were currently providing their children with dietary supplements and 5.2% had previously given dietary supplements to their children. The prevalence of dietary supplement use was higher in boys than in girls, and the prevalence increased according to their grade. A total of 2439 participants were eligible to undertake a targeted survey on dietary supplement use. Dietary supplements were being taken to maintain health, supplement nutrients, and enhance growth in both boys and girls, and many children (37.5%) were provided with vitamin and mineral supplements. Mothers mainly obtained information concerning dietary supplements via the internet, and supplements were purchased in drug stores or via the internet. The prevalence of dietary supplement use in mothers was 65.4% and may be associated with the prevalence rates in children. Some mothers reported adverse events (3.6%) in their children, such as stomachache, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, and constipation. The cause-and-effect relationships for adverse events were not clear, but some children were given products for adults. Children are more influenced by dietary supplements compared to adults. To prevent adverse events due to inappropriate use, parental education concerning dietary supplements is essential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Dietary Supplement Use Among Elementary, Junior High, and High School Students: A Nationwide Survey in Japan

et al. 2018

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“…Unfortunately, a recent study reported that vitamin D deficiency in pregnant and lactating women was highly prevalent [17]. The number of children with symptomatic vitamin D deficiency has been increasing in recent years throughout the world [18][19][20][21], including in Japan [22][23][24][25][26]. Based on this discussion, the vitamin D concentration in breast milk associated with a decreased vitamin D status in the lactating mother may decrease over time and increase the risk of rickets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Vitamin D and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Human Breast Milk between 1989 and 2016–2017

et al. 2021

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Background: Breast milk is considered the optimal source of nutrition during infancy. Although the vitamin D concentration in human breast milk is generally considered poor for infants, vitamin D in breast milk is an important source for exclusively breastfed infants. Increases in vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in lactating mothers may reduce vitamin D concentrations in breast milk. This study aimed to compare vitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations in breast milk collected in 1989 and 2016–2017 and simultaneously analyze them with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); the association between the lifestyle of recent lactating mothers (2016–2017) and vitamin D status in human breast milk was also evaluated. Method: Lactating mothers were recruited from three regions of Japan in 1989 (n = 72) and 2016–2017 (n = 90), and milk from 3–4 months was collected in summer and winter. The samples were strictly sealed and stored at −80℃ until measurement. Breast milk vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Vitamin D intake, sun exposure, and sunscreen use of the lactating mothers in 2016–2017 were assessed. Results: Both vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations in breast milk were higher in the summer regardless of the survey year. Significantly lower vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations were observed in 2016–2017 compared with 1989 in summer, but no survey year difference was observed in winter. The stepwise multiple regression analyses identified season, daily outdoor activity, and suntan in the last 12 months as independent factors associated with vitamin D3 concentrations. Conclusion: The results suggest that low vitamin D status in recent lactating mothers may have decreased vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations in breast milk compared with the 1980s. These results are helpful for developing public health strategies to improve vitamin D status in lactating mothers and infants.

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“…In other words, the patient and deformity characteristics that are associated with a favorable response namely spontaneous deformity remodelling are not clearly specified in the literature [8]. This is because the main bulk of publications on children with NR address prevention [9,10], non-skeletal presenting manifestations [11], medical treatment [7,12,13], underlying patho-aetiological factors [14], genetic susceptibility [15], identification of potentıal risk factors [16], orthopedic surgery management [17], animal experimentation [18] and epidemiological and public health aspects of the disease [19][20][21].…”

Section: Background and Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Spontaneous Remodelling of Angular Knee Deformities in Children with Healed Nutritional Rickets: A Prospective Cohort Study Protocol

Baraka¹,

Samir²,

Mahmoud³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Nutritional rickets is still considered as a global health problem especially in low-resource countries and immigrant societies of developed countries. Generalized skeletal deformities including angular knee deformities as genu varum and genu valgum are prominent features of nutritional rickets. Angular knee deformities can cause gait difficulties. However, the true remodelling potential of the healed knee deformities is largely unknown to the pediatric and orthopedic community. Aims: The primary objective of this study protocol is to investigate the natural history of disease in regard to the remodelling potential of angular knee deformities in children and adolescents with healed nutritional rickets. And determine the potential patient- and deformity-related factors that are associated with a favorable deformity remodelling as age and sex of patients and type, severity, laterality of deformities etc. Methods: This will be a prospective observational analytical cohort natural history of disease study. A minimum of at least 140 knees with healed nutritional rickets and angular knee deformities will be observed at regular three-monthly intervals over a period of at least one year. We will report two outcome variables namely; clinical and radiological tibio-femoral angle. And independent patient and deformity-related variables as age, sex, deformity type, severity and laterality. Inferential statistics namely bivariate and multivariate analysis will be employed accordingly to identify the relation between outcome variables and the different independent variables. Ethics and dissemination: This protocol study has been approved by the institutional research ethics committee. Results will be presented at conferences and submitted to relevant international and society publications. Authors will also communicate the results to their scholarly networks and post them on scholarly networking sites. Conclusions: This study has the potential for improving the decision-making process as to which patients deserve conservative treatment and which deserve surgical deformity correction. Results are expected to have an impact on the clinical practice of pediatricians, orthopedic surgeons and family physicians alike.

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Incidence rate and characteristics of symptomatic vitamin D deficiency in children: a nationwide survey in Japan

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

The Prevalence of Dietary Supplement Use Among Elementary, Junior High, and High School Students: A Nationwide Survey in Japan

The Prevalence of Dietary Supplement Use Among Elementary, Junior High, and High School Students: A Nationwide Survey in Japan

Comparison of Vitamin D and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Human Breast Milk between 1989 and 2016–2017

Predictors of Spontaneous Remodelling of Angular Knee Deformities in Children with Healed Nutritional Rickets: A Prospective Cohort Study Protocol

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