Incidence of β‐lactamase production and antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic gram‐negative rods isolated from pus specimens of orofacial odontogenic infections

Abstract

The incidence of beta-lactamase production in anaerobic gram-negative rods isolated from 93 pus specimens of orofacial odontogenic infections and the antimicrobial susceptibility of these isolates against 11 antibiotics were determined. A total of 191 anaerobic gram-negative rods were isolated from the specimens. Beta-lactamase was detected in 35.6% of the black-pigmented Prevotella and 31.9% of the nonpigmented Prevotella. However, no strains among the other species isolated produced beta-lactamase. Ampicillin, cefazolin and cefotaxime showed decreased activity as regards beta-lactamase-positive Prevotella strains, whereas the activity of ampicillin/sulbactam, cefmetazole, and imipenem continued to be effective against such strains. All tested beta-lactam antibiotics were effective against Porphyromonas and Fusobacterium. Erythromycin showed decreased activity against nonpigmented Prevotella and Fusobacterium. Clindamycin, minocycline and metronidazole were powerful antibiotics against which anaerobic gram-negative rods could be tested. The present study showed that beta-lactamase-positive strains were found more frequently in the Prevotella strains than in any of the other species of anaerobic gram-negative rods. The effectiveness of adding sulbactam to ampicillin was demonstrated, as well as the difference in cephalosporin activity against beta-lactamase-positive strains.

An outcome audit of the treatment of acute dentoalveolar infection: impact of penicillin resistance

“…6,7,[14][15][16][17] Interestingly, Porphyromonas species was rarely encountered and Eikonella species and Veillonella species were isolated more frequently compared to previous studies. 6,7,[14][15][16][17] These variations could in part be due to differences in culture media used for the initial isolation. Almost all isolates of streptococci, Peptostreptococcus species and Fusobacterium species were susceptible to penicillin.…”

Incidence and bacteriology of bacteremia associated with various oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures

“…Duplicate plates were prepared containing paromomycin (75 mg/L; Pfizer Japan, Tokyo, Japan) and vancomycin (2.5 mg/L; Shionogi, Osaka, Japan) in order to selectively isolate strictly anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli 11,12 . Aerobic and microaerophilic bacteria were identified using conventional methods [11][12][13][14] .…”

“…Aerobic and microaerophilic bacteria were identified using conventional methods [11][12][13][14] . Rap ID ANA II (Innovative Diagnostic System, Norcross, GA) was used to identify strictly anaerobic bacteria as described previously 11,12 . Factor predisposing to bacteremia Relationship between incidence of positive blood culture and the OHI-S, the GI score, number of teeth presence, blood loss or duration of surgery was determined using the Chi-square test.…”

Etude comparative de l’association spiramycine-métronidazole et de l’amoxicilline dans le traitement des péricoronarites de l’adulte

“…Elle représente la molécule de référence dans la plupart des infections de la cavité buccale [7] au moins dans les pays anglo-saxons et dans la pré-vention des infections chez les sujets à haut risque infectieux [3] . A l'inverse, les phénomènes allergiques sont relativement fréquents et son utilisation importante depuis des années a entraîné la sélection de résistants naturels ou liés à la production de bêta-lactamases, y compris dans la cavité buccale [8][9][10] . L'association spiramycine-métronidazole, en raison de la complémentarité des spectres d'activité antibactérienne, permet également de couvrir l'essentiel des souches présentes dans les infections bucco-dentaires [11][12][13][14][15] .…”