Incidence of Tonsillar Lesions Caused by Tonsillophilus suis and Actinomyces sp Infection in Swine

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

Kobayashi

Sekigawa

et al. 2018

The name “Actinomyces suis” was applied to each actinomycete isolate from swine actinomycosis by Grässer in 1962 and Franke in 1973. Nevertheless, this specific species was not included in the “Approved List of Bacterial Name” due to absence of the type cultures. Therefore, “Actinomyces suis” based on the description of Franke 1973 has been considered as “species incertae sedis”. We isolated a number of Actinomyces strains from swine. The representative strains of them was designated as Chiba 101 that was closely similar to the description in “Actinomyces suis” reported by Franke in 1973. Interestingly, it was found that the biological characteristics of these strains were also very similar to those of Actinomyces denticolens. Furthermore, the average nucleotide identity (ANI) value between strain Chiba 101 and the type-strain of Actinomyces denticolens (=DSM 20671T) was found to be 99.95%. Sequences of the housekeeping genes and 16S rRNA gene showed 100% homology. These results strongly suggested that “Actinomyces suis” Franke 1973 is the same species as Actinomyces denticolens. Since actinomycosis caused by Actinomyces denticolens have been demonstrated in horses recently, it is necessary to recognize that Actinomyces denticolens is the pathogenic actinomycetes in broader range of animals.

“… ), whereas the remaining one was consisted of thick and rugged filaments. These lesions were similar to the morphology described in previous report [ 19 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Actinomyces denticolens as a causative agent of actinomycosis in animals

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

Kobayashi

Sekigawa

et al. 2018

“…The bacteria in the lesions were stained positively using both Gram's and Grocott's methods. They exhibited various shapes, such as bead-like cocci, bacillary cells (0.2-0.5 mm) and short branching filaments (0.5-10 mm), as earlier described in swine tonsils and in granulomatous mastitis (Murakami et al, 1997(Murakami et al, , 1998.…”

Section: Microorganisms In Lesionssupporting

confidence: 56%

“…suis' (Slack et al, 1975), differing completely from types 1 and 2. After a hiatus, pathological studies on swine tonsils were independently reopened and other actinomycotic lesions were discovered (Murakami et al, 1997), which differed from those of Tonsillophilus suis (Dermatophilus-like organisms) (Bak and Azuma, 1991;Murakami et al, 1991;Shiozawa et al, 1991). In these lesions, the microbial elements were detected immunohistochemically with antiserum of Actinomyces-like bacteria strain 101, which was isolated from piglet arthritis in 1971 (Murakami et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Department of Animal Health, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

Azuma

Oomi

et al. 1999

Self Cite

The present experiment was performed to test the pathogenicity of Actinomyces‐like bacteria in experimental animals and swine. Two rough (R) strains of Actinomyces‐like bacteria isolated from a site of arthritis and from the tonsil in pigs were used as inocula. To investigate their susceptibility to Actinomyces‐like bacteria, BALB/c, SS and ddY mice and guinea‐pigs were inoculated intraperitoneally with the strains of Actinomyces‐like bacteria. The ddY mice were used for the long‐term observation of Actinomyces‐like bacteria lesions and the mammary tissue of a sow was inoculated with Actinomyces‐like bacteria isolated from swine tonsil. Macroscopic observation revealed many abscesses on the surfaces of the abdominal and/or thoracic organs in the mice, but not on those of the guinea‐pigs. The sow developed firm nodules at the inoculation site in the mammary glands. Histopathologically, the lesions in the mice were characterized as actinomycotic abscesses in the early stage and as pus‐forming granuloma (PFG) in the advanced stage; the lesions were accompanied by crystalloid particles. Actinomyces‐like bacteria induced granulomatous mastitis in the sow, and the lesion was characterized as PFG. The characteristic actinomycotic lesions in swine mammary glands were reproduced by experimental infection.

“…The presence of species of the genus Actinomyces in swine tonsils was reported by Johne (1881), Davis (1923) and Ogura (1925), and ‘ Actinomyces suis ’ was isolated from swine tonsils/the swine oral cavity (Oomi et al , 1994). Subsequently, the presence of the bacteria in swine tonsils has been demonstrated by pathological and immunohistochemical studies (Murakami et al , 1997, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tonsilliphilus suis gen. nov., sp. nov., causing tonsil infections in pigs

Azuma¹,

Ung-Bok²,

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

et al. 2013

A micro-organism resembling members of the genus Dermatophilus, strain W254 T , which was isolated from the submandibular lymph node of a pig, and an additional 16 strains isolated from swine tonsils, were studied to establish their taxonomic status. Although all 17 strains were isolated anaerobically under an atmosphere of 100 % CO 2 , all of them were aerotolerant anaerobes. The micro-organisms showed at least five cellular morphologies: (i) a radially protrusive thallus, which proliferated into tuber-like cells; (ii) segmentation in both tubers and thallus followed by multilocule formation, (iii) development of coccoid forms in the locules; (iv) a change from the coccoid forms to zoospores; (v) resting cells, which were able to develop into protrusive thalli again. The microorganisms were positive for nitrate reduction, but negative for catalase, indole production, hydrolysis of urea and gelatin liquefaction. Milk was not decomposed and none of the strains was haemolytic. A total of 16 compounds, including glucose, were utilized as sole carbon sources and seven compounds, including L-arabinose, were not utilized. Three out of the 17 strains were subjected to further studies. The micro-organisms had meso-diaminopimelic acid in their peptidoglycan and galactose, glucose, madurose and a trace of mannose in their whole-cell sugar patterns. The major phospholipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol.Abbreviations: DAP, diaminopimelic acid; SEM, scanning electron microscopy; TEM, transmission electron microscopy. The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of Tonsilliphilus suis W254 T , HT1-19 and HT5-225 are AB096084, AB096085 and AB602380, respectively. A supplementary figure and a supplementary table are available with the online version of this paper.