“…The phase III IMPRES study, which also investigated the effects of imatinib on PAH, has demonstrated improvement in walking distance, reduction of pulmonary resistance, and improvement in cardiac output (Hoeper et al, 2013). Although impressive results have been obtained in experimental models of PH (Schermuly et al, 2005) and in the compassionate treatment (Frost et al, 2015; Ghofrani et al, 2005; Speich et al, 2015), the clinical trials were discontinued due to those safety issues of imatinib (Hoeper et al, 2013; Prada, Gavilanes, & Souza, 2015). Furthermore, imatinib inhibits Abl kinase resulting in increased endoplasmic reticulum stress, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction (Rainbolt, Saunders, & Wiseman, 2014).…”